Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which of the following factors contributes to Singapore's need to attract external business?
Which of the following factors contributes to Singapore's need to attract external business?
- Minimal need for international trade.
- Large domestic market.
- Limited natural resources. (correct)
- Abundance of natural resources.
What social systems are integral to the complexity of cities?
What social systems are integral to the complexity of cities?
- Ecological, biological, geological, and atmospheric.
- Personal, interpersonal, cultural, and legal & governmental. (correct)
- Technological, infrastructural, environmental, and economic.
- Mathematical, scientific, statistical, and analytical.
Why is defining the boundary of a system in a city often difficult?
Why is defining the boundary of a system in a city often difficult?
- Entities within a city are highly interconnected and interdependent. (correct)
- Urban systems are always clearly defined and independent.
- Cities operate in isolation from their surrounding environments.
- Environmental factors have minimal impact on urban systems.
What best exemplifies Singapore's efforts to be a 'clean, healthy, and pleasant city'?
What best exemplifies Singapore's efforts to be a 'clean, healthy, and pleasant city'?
Which historical period is most closely linked with Singapore's desire to be self-sufficient?
Which historical period is most closely linked with Singapore's desire to be self-sufficient?
What are the key components in the definition of a system within the context of urban studies?
What are the key components in the definition of a system within the context of urban studies?
To understand a city through a systems thinking approach, what should one consider regarding the 'system' and its 'environment'?
To understand a city through a systems thinking approach, what should one consider regarding the 'system' and its 'environment'?
How does the concept of 'systems of systems' apply to cities?
How does the concept of 'systems of systems' apply to cities?
In what way does Singapore's quick history impact its urban planning and development?
In what way does Singapore's quick history impact its urban planning and development?
What makes cities especially complex systems to study?
What makes cities especially complex systems to study?
Which of the following best describes viewing Singapore as a case study in 'Systems in the City'?
Which of the following best describes viewing Singapore as a case study in 'Systems in the City'?
What exemplifies a city's characteristic as being 'for the people, by the people, and of the people'?
What exemplifies a city's characteristic as being 'for the people, by the people, and of the people'?
How does Singapore's need to attract other business affect its drive to be self-sufficient?
How does Singapore's need to attract other business affect its drive to be self-sufficient?
When considering 'cities as complex systems', what core elements should be included?
When considering 'cities as complex systems', what core elements should be included?
What might be the focus of an assignment in a 'Systems in the City' course?
What might be the focus of an assignment in a 'Systems in the City' course?
How do systems within a city relate to each other?
How do systems within a city relate to each other?
What is the importance of the course 'Systems in the City' to the USRE (Urban Systems and Real Estate) curriculum?
What is the importance of the course 'Systems in the City' to the USRE (Urban Systems and Real Estate) curriculum?
How do the smaller systems contribute to a city, according to the lecture?
How do the smaller systems contribute to a city, according to the lecture?
What are the main topics that will be covered in the System in the City course?
What are the main topics that will be covered in the System in the City course?
What can we say about cities, based on this introduction?
What can we say about cities, based on this introduction?
Which is a key trend or consideration that has fundamentally influenced Singapore's urban development and planning?
Which is a key trend or consideration that has fundamentally influenced Singapore's urban development and planning?
What is an important objective or motivation that underlies much of Singapore's urban organization, as gleaned from its history and current state?
What is an important objective or motivation that underlies much of Singapore's urban organization, as gleaned from its history and current state?
In the context of complex systems, how are cities best described?
In the context of complex systems, how are cities best described?
What distinguishes a city from a simple collection of buildings and infrastructure?
What distinguishes a city from a simple collection of buildings and infrastructure?
In what way would one best describe the different assignments?
In what way would one best describe the different assignments?
What would you say about the course content and assessments?
What would you say about the course content and assessments?
In the USRE track, where does 'Systems in the City' fall?
In the USRE track, where does 'Systems in the City' fall?
Why would Systemic Urbanism be taught as part of real estate?
Why would Systemic Urbanism be taught as part of real estate?
What can you say of systems themselves, if a city is a complex system?
What can you say of systems themselves, if a city is a complex system?
What kind of systems might you NOT see just by simply looking at maps?
What kind of systems might you NOT see just by simply looking at maps?
Which one is NOT a topic in quarter 1 that this course builds on?
Which one is NOT a topic in quarter 1 that this course builds on?
What would one say about what is included in the 'System' that affects the city complex?
What would one say about what is included in the 'System' that affects the city complex?
What would be the most correct thing to say cities are?
What would be the most correct thing to say cities are?
Which of these systems could be best seen from the maps of Singapore?
Which of these systems could be best seen from the maps of Singapore?
What are key things to consider when analyzing a city?
What are key things to consider when analyzing a city?
Flashcards
System Definition
System Definition
A system is regularly interacting or interdependent group of items forming a unified whole.
System Boundary
System Boundary
The scope of a system, deciding what's inside versus the environment.
Cities as Systems
Cities as Systems
A city that exhibits complex interactions between its physical items, social aspects, economic factors and political practice.
Cities and Humans
Cities and Humans
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Singapore: Attractiveness
Singapore: Attractiveness
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Singapore's Self-Sufficiency
Singapore's Self-Sufficiency
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Singapore - Interconnected Systems
Singapore - Interconnected Systems
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Study Notes
- The lecture introduces the concept of cities as complex systems, using Singapore as a case study, and outlines the course structure and assessment
Singapore: Quick Facts
- Singapore is a city-state consisting of over 60 islands
- It has a land area of 719 km², including 10 km² of water
- The population is approximately 5,975,383 as of 2023
- The population density is 8,416 people per km²
- For comparison, The Hague has a population density of 6,827 per km², and Eindhoven has 2,769 per km²
Singapore: History
- Singapore was formerly a British colony and a port city
- It was occupied by Japan during World War II
- It eventually gained political independence, but desires to be self-sufficient to be truly independent
- It has limited natural resources
- It is a finance and trade hub dependent on air passenger transport
- Aims attractiveness by being clean, healthy, and pleasant
Singapore: Systems
- Air quality is measured using the 24-hour PSI, while PM2.5 is measured in micrograms per cubic meter
- Water and other infrastructures are planned out by regional distribution
- Subsystems in the city are mobility (walking, biking, cars, and planes) as well as sources of energy
Cities as Complex Systems
- A system is defined as a regularly interacting or interdependent group of items forming a unified whole
- Systems consist of organized doctrines, ideas, or principles intended to explain systematic wholes
- The definition of a system concerns both physical items and social, economic, or political organization, or practice
- The scope of a system is defined by its boundary, determining which entities are inside versus outside
- Systems interact with each other forming a complex system, and include intricate social systems
- Social Systems include personal, interpersonal, cultural, and legal/governmental aspects
- Cities should be complex systems because they systems of systems
- Cities should concern their people
- Cities should be for the people, but the people, of the people
Course Outline
- The course builds on Q1 (first quarter) concepts of healthy and sustainable living environments, including utility theory, NBS, spatial planning, and mobility
- Course topics include cities throughout history, planning and building, health and mobility, market systems, digitalization, and systems of the city
- In the course, different subsystems create some value for people
- People's wishes are demanded through compromise of the people
- The city is built by people now and in the past
- The course will have lectures by Robert van Dongen, Oana Druta, Giulia Gualtieri, Rianne Appel-Meulenbroek, Peter van der Waerden, Ekaterina Petrova, and Nayla Groenendijk
- The study guide should be checked for a detailed course overview
- The course emphasizes the analysis of interrelationships in location, transport, retail and socio-economics
Assessment
- Final exam accounts for 100% of the grade
- Assignments are conditional for completing the course
- Assignments are out in the real world, and done in groups of 2 in Eindhoven
- Assignments often require taking pictures, including one team member in the shot
- The goal of assignments is to recognize what is covered in class
Course Summary
- The main message of the lecture is that everything in cities is interconnected
- The next lecture is Thursday, February 13, about citizens and values, people and behavior, and includes assignment 1
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