Questions and Answers
What is the generic name of Simvastatin?
Simvastatin
What classification does Simvastatin fall under?
Antihyperlipidemic, statin
What is the FDA category for Simvastatin?
X
What is the therapeutic use of Simvastatin?
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What are the pharmacologic properties of Simvastatin?
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What is the mechanism of action of Statins like Simvastatin?
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The correct dose for adults is ___ mg PO up to ___ mg daily.
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What are some common side effects of Simvastatin?
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What medications should not be taken with Simvastatin?
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What nursing considerations are important for patients on Simvastatin?
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What patient teaching is crucial for those taking Simvastatin?
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What labs/interventions should be done for patients on Simvastatin?
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Study Notes
Simvastatin Overview
- Generic name: Simvastatin; trade name: Zocor
- Classified as an antihyperlipidemic and falls under the statin category
FDA Category
- Classified as Category X, indicating contraindications in pregnancy
Therapeutic Uses
- Primarily lowers LDL cholesterol levels
- Used for primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular (CV) events including myocardial infarction (MI), angina, and stroke
- Indicated for post-MI therapy and may be beneficial in diabetic patients
Pharmacology
- Administered orally with absorption ranging from 30% to 90%
- Significant first-pass metabolism in the liver, where statins primarily exert their effects
- Excretion occurs mostly through urine post hepatic metabolism
Mechanism of Action
- Increases the number of LDL receptors on hepatocytes (liver cells) to enhance LDL removal from the blood
- Inhibition of cholesterol synthesis stimulates further LDL receptor synthesis by hepatocytes
Correct Dosage
- Typical dosage for adults is between 10 to 20 mg orally, with a maximum of 40 mg daily, preferably taken in the evening
Side Effects
- Common side effects are rare and can include rash, headache, and gastrointestinal disturbances
- Serious side effects include hepatotoxicity, myopathy, acute renal failure, and rhabdomyolysis, but these are relatively uncommon
Drug Interactions
- Contraindicated with various medications including amiodarone, clarithromycin, cyclosporine, digoxin, diltiazem, erythromycin, fibrates, and certain others that are hepatotoxic
- Grapefruit juice can also interact adversely with Simvastatin
Nursing Considerations
- Avoid use with strong CYP3A4 inhibitors
- Monitor liver function tests (LFTs) regularly
- Encourage patients to attempt cholesterol-lowering dietary changes for 3 to 6 months prior to commencing treatment
- Caution against 80 mg doses due to increased risk of muscle injury; if stable on this dose, ensure close monitoring
Patient Education
- Not safe for use during pregnancy or breastfeeding
- Advise against consumption of grapefruit juice and emphasize adherence to diet
- Medication should be taken in the evening
- Importance of regular blood tests to monitor health
- Patients should report any changes in urine or stool color as well as muscle pain or soreness
Laboratory Interventions
- Regular cholesterol level checks are necessary
- Reinforce the need for maintaining a proper diet while on medication
- Administration of medication should occur in the evening for optimal efficacy
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Description
Explore key concepts related to Simvastatin, including its classification, therapeutic uses, and FDA category. This quiz will help reinforce your understanding of this important antihyperlipidemic medication.
