17 Questions
What occurs to the discrete atomic levels when atoms are brought closer together to form a crystal?
They broaden to form bands of allowed energies
What is the term for the upper band in the Energy Band Model, where electrons can easily be moved by the application of external electric fields?
Conduction Band
What type of materials have a large number of electrons in the conduction band?
Good conductors of electricity
What is the term for the series of energy levels containing valence electrons in the Energy Band Model?
Valence Band
What is the type of bonding that occurs between silicon atoms in a solid?
Covalent
What is the arrangement of silicon atoms in a solid?
Orderly pattern
What is the primary reason why silicon and germanium are insulators at very low temperatures?
All the valence electrons are bound to the nucleus of their respective atoms.
What happens to the covalent bonds in silicon and germanium at finite temperatures?
They can break, liberating an electron into the conduction band.
What is the term for electrons that are still bound to the nucleus of their respective atoms in silicon and germanium?
Valence electrons
What is the arrangement of atoms in the crystalline solid structure of silicon and germanium?
Tetrahedral
What is the energy required to break a covalent bond in silicon and germanium?
Thermal energy
What happens to the number of conduction electrons in silicon and germanium as the temperature increases?
It increases rapidly.
In a p-type semiconductor, trivalent impurities like Boron create holes in the crystal structure due to their deficiency of how many valence electrons?
2
What term is used to describe impurities in a semiconductor that have only 3 valence electrons and accept an electron from the doped material?
Acceptor impurities
What term is used to describe the majority carriers in a p-type semiconductor?
Electrons
Which of the following elements is considered a trivalent impurity in a semiconductor material?
Germanium
What is the term used to describe a semiconductor material that has been doped with trivalent impurities and contains holes as the majority carriers?
Insulator
Test your knowledge about how silicon atoms combine to form a crystal structure through covalent bonding and the role of electrons in chemical bonding. Explore the interactions of atoms in the solid state.
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