Signs and Symptoms of Acute Toxicity
39 Questions
0 Views

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to Lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

What is the most common cause of camphor-related poisonings?

  • Ingesting camphorated oil with acne products
  • Using it as a rubefacient
  • Mistaking it for castor oil (correct)
  • Using camphor as a repellent

How quickly can signs and symptoms of camphor poisoning appear after ingestion?

  • 5 to 15 minutes (correct)
  • 30 to 45 minutes
  • 1 to 2 hours
  • 3 to 4 hours

What is the predominant effect of camphor on the brain?

  • Stimulation at all levels (correct)
  • Depression of brain activity
  • Selective stimulation of specific brain areas
  • No effect on brain activity

Which of the following is NOT a sign or symptom of camphor poisoning?

<p>Elevated body temperature (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the predominant effect on the skin in camphor poisoning?

<p>Cold, clammy skin (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the approximate lethal dose of camphorated oil for adults?

<p>One teaspoonful (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does camphor enter the central nervous system (CNS)?

<p>Quickly due to its high lipid solubility (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which organ may experience transient damage due to camphor poisoning?

<p>Liver (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism for inducing toxic symptoms in camphor poisoning?

<p>Elusive and not well understood (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of monitoring pulse oximetry and/or arterial blood gases in patients with moth repellent exposure?

<p>To manage respiratory and central nervous system depression (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is emesis not recommended in most cases of mothball ingestion?

<p>Because it may cause rapid absorption of the chemicals (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of paradichlorobenzene mothballs compared to naphthalene mothballs?

<p>They are less toxic when ingested (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does naphthalene absorption through the skin increase?

<p>When applied with fatty oils (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In individuals with glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G-6-PD) deficiency, which metabolites of naphthalene are especially toxic?

<p>Alpha and beta naphthol (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What clinical sign is specifically associated with inhalation of paradichlorobenzene?

<p>Central nervous system depression (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended treatment for hemolysis caused by naphthalene exposure?

<p>Alkaline Diuresis to prevent renal deposition of red blood cell breakdown products (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be administered after inducing emesis in asymptomatic patients who have ingested mothballs?

<p>Activated charcoal within 1 hour of ingestion (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What test can be performed to distinguish between naphthalene and paradichlorobenzene mothballs?

<p>The salt water test (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does paradichlorobenzene absorption increase when ingested?

<p>By co-administration with fatty meals (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common cause of death in barbiturate poisoning?

<p>Respiratory depression (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which drug is generally preferred over barbiturates to control convulsions in camphor poisoning?

<p>Diazepam (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the suggested treatment when the quantity of camphor ingested is unknown?

<p>Assume the quantity was greater than 1g and vigorously treat the patient (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the major toxic event that follows barbiturate ingestion?

<p>Respiratory depression (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of barbiturates on the GABA-Cl- ionophore complex in the CNS?

<p>Prolongs the opening of the chloride channel (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a potentially serious problem that follows toxic ingestions of barbiturates?

<p>Hypothermia (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic effect of shorter-acting barbiturates compared to phenobarbital?

<p>Reach higher CNS concentrations and cause greater depression (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common contributing factor to barbiturate poisoning?

<p>&quot;Drug automatism&quot; (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential effect of chronic barbiturate (ab)use?

<p>&quot;Development of tolerance&quot; (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the suggested immediate treatment for camphor poisoning?

<p>Immediate emesis or gastric lavage followed by activated charcoal (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a common sign of acute benzodiazepine toxicity?

<p>Hypertonia and muscle rigidity (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism of action of benzodiazepines in the nervous system?

<p>Inhibition of GABA receptors (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main toxic effect of chloral hydrate and its metabolites in the CNS?

<p>Depression of the central nervous system (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended management for acute overdose of chloral hydrate?

<p>Gastric lavage within 12 hours postingestion (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which drug is considered a specific antidote for benzodiazepine overdose?

<p>Flumazenil (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common indication of barbiturate toxicity in moderate cases?

<p>Coma stage 1 or 2 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of benzodiazepine overdose on motor performance?

<p>Prominent ataxia and motor incoordination (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which intervention is recommended for hypotension in acute barbiturate overdose?

<p>Isotonic intravenous fluids and vasopressors (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most reliable indicator of clinical toxicity in barbiturate poisoning?

<p>Signs and symptoms (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which treatment has been shown to greatly increase phenobarbitone elimination?

<p>Multiple dose activated charcoal (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

More Like This

Use Quizgecko on...
Browser
Browser