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Questions and Answers
Who is considered the 'Father of Chemistry' by some scholars?
Which mathematicians made refinements to the number system, including introducing the decimal point notation?
In which century did the decline of the golden age of Islam start?
Who pioneered the science of experimental medicine and conducted the first clinical trials?
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Which scholar made contributions to medicine including discovering the contagious nature of infectious diseases?
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What caused the decline of the golden age of Islam from 11th to 13th century?
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What was one of Nicolaus Copernicus' professions?
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Which term best describes Copernicus' ideas based on the text?
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Where did Copernicus serve as a canon?
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What influenced Copernicus significantly in his astronomical studies?
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Which scientist's works did Johannes Müeller comment on in his book that influenced Copernicus?
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When did Copernicus finish his doctorate degree?
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What motivated scientists during the scientific revolution to explore the physical and natural world?
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How did the scientific revolution impact the conduct of scientific investigations, experiments, and observations?
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What was a common characteristic of scientists during the scientific revolution?
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How did some individuals' ideas during the scientific revolution challenge dominant theories of their time?
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What was one outcome of the scientific revolution in terms of research fields?
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How did scientists during the scientific revolution view their role in society?
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Which institution was established as the Observatorio Meteorológico at the Ateneo Municipal de Manila?
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Which institution issued the first typhoon warnings in Philippine history?
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Which institution is known as the oldest in East Asia, having been established in 1578?
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In what year did the University of Santo Tomas start offering programs in medicine and pharmacy?
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Which institution was made the official weather forecasting institution for the colony in 1884?
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Which institution is now known as the University of San Carlos?
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Before the Industrial Revolution, which of the following industries were based on crafts and skills?
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In 1905, which scientific figure published research papers on the photoelectric effect, Brownian motion, and special relativity?
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How did the Industrial Revolution contribute to the convergence of science and technology?
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Who is credited with formulating various concepts of optics according to the text?
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What significant shift did Albert Einstein's research papers in 1905 bring about in the field of physics?
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How does the text describe the relationship between science and technology nowadays?
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Study Notes
Key Figures in Scientific History
- Antoine Lavoisier is considered the 'Father of Chemistry' for his foundational contributions to the field.
- Indian mathematicians significantly refined the number system by introducing decimal point notation, enhancing numerical representation.
- The decline of the golden age of Islam began in the 11th century and continued into the 13th century.
Advancements in Medicine
- William Harvey pioneered the science of experimental medicine and is known for conducting the first clinical trials.
- Ignaz Semmelweis contributed to medicine by discovering the contagious nature of infectious diseases, emphasizing hygiene in clinical practices.
Causes of Decline and Impact on Science
- The decline of the golden age of Islam was influenced by a combination of political fragmentation, invasions, and intellectual stagnation, which hampered scientific progress.
- The Scientific Revolution inspired scientists to explore the physical and natural world, driven by curiosity and the pursuit of knowledge.
Nicolaus Copernicus' Contributions
- Nicolaus Copernicus was also an astronomer and his heliocentric model fundamentally changed the understanding of the cosmos.
- His ideas are best described as revolutionary, challenging the geocentric model that dominated before him.
- Copernicus served as a canon in the Cathedral Chapter of Warmia, which provided him access to scholarly resources.
- His astronomical studies were significantly influenced by Ptolemy's works, which he critically evaluated and refined.
- Copernicus completed his doctorate degree in University of Kraków around 1503.
Characteristics of the Scientific Revolution
- Scientists during the Scientific Revolution commonly shared a commitment to empirical evidence, emphasizing observation and experimentation.
- Some scientists challenged the prevailing theories, which often led to conflicts with established authorities, marking a shift in scientific thought.
- A key outcome of the Scientific Revolution was the establishment of new fields of research, including physics and chemistry, expanding the scope of scientific inquiry.
- Scientists perceived their role in society as active contributors to knowledge, aiming to improve understanding of the natural world.
Institutions of Significance
- The Observatorio Meteorológico was established at the Ateneo Municipal de Manila, marking advancements in meteorological studies in the Philippines.
- The Philippine Atmospheric Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration (PAGASA) issued the first typhoon warnings in the nation’s history, enhancing public safety.
- The University of Santo Tomas, founded in 1578, is recognized as the oldest institution of higher education in East Asia.
- In 1878, the University of Santo Tomas began offering programs in medicine and pharmacy, playing a crucial role in healthcare education.
- The Meteoroogical Institute, established in 1884, became the official weather forecasting organization for the colony.
- The institution that is now known as the University of San Carlos had a significant historical foundation in the region’s education system.
Industrial Revolution and Science
- Before the Industrial Revolution, industries primarily relied on crafts and skills, emphasizing manual labor and artisanal production.
- Albert Einstein published groundbreaking papers in 1905 on the photoelectric effect, Brownian motion, and special relativity, significantly advancing physics.
- The Industrial Revolution facilitated the integration of science and technology, fostering innovation and enhancing productivity across various sectors.
- Einstein's work in 1905 brought about a paradigm shift in physics, challenging classical mechanics and introducing concepts that reshaped scientific understanding.
- Today, the relationship between science and technology is described as interdependent, with advancements in one driving progress in the other.
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Description
Explore the profound impact of the Scientific Revolution on human development, societal transformation, and the evolution of scientific ideas. Discover how this period revolutionized scientific investigations, experiments, observations, and led to the emergence of new research fields.
