Cellular signaling |
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of a receptor protein in a target cell?

  • To respond directly to the signal molecule
  • To amplify the signal molecule
  • To transmit the signal molecule to the nucleus
  • To detect and bind to a signaling molecule (correct)

    • What is the result of the binding of a signaling molecule to a receptor protein?

  • The signal molecule is degraded
  • The receptor protein remains unchanged
  • The receptor protein is internalized
  • A shape change occurs in the receptor protein (correct)

    • What is the largest family of cell-surface receptors?

  • G protein-coupled receptors (correct)
  • Ion channel receptors
  • Receptor tyrosine kinases
  • Ligand-gated receptors

    • What is the primary location of most signal receptors?

    <p>On the plasma membrane</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of the binding between a signal molecule and a receptor?

    <p>It is highly specific</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the process by which a signal is transmitted from the receptor to the inside of the cell?

    <p>Transduction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary mechanism of communication in local signaling between animal cells?

    <p>Direct contact between cell-surface molecules</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of cell junctions in local signaling between animal and plant cells?

    <p>To directly connect the cytoplasm of adjacent cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the type of signaling that occurs over long distances in a multicellular organism?

    <p>Long-distance signaling through the bloodstream</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for a molecule that binds to a cell receptor to initiate a signaling response?

    <p>Ligand</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the molecule that amplifies the signal within a cell in response to ligand binding?

    <p>Second messenger</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the outcome of cellular signaling in response to ligand binding?

    <p>Cellular response to signaling</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of receptor tyrosine kinases?

    <p>To catalyze the transfer of phosphate groups from ATP</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common feature of G protein-coupled receptors?

    <p>They are membrane receptors that work with the help of a G protein</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of ligand-gated ion channel receptors?

    <p>To act as a gate that opens and closes when the receptor changes shape</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where are intracellular receptors typically found?

    <p>In the cytoplasm or nucleus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of hydrophobic chemical messengers?

    <p>They can readily cross the cell membrane</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can an activated hormone-receptor complex do?

    <p>Act as a transcription factor, turning on or off specific genes</p> Signup and view all the answers

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