18 Questions
What is the primary function of a receptor protein in a target cell?
To detect and bind to a signaling molecule
What is the result of the binding of a signaling molecule to a receptor protein?
A shape change occurs in the receptor protein
What is the largest family of cell-surface receptors?
G protein-coupled receptors
What is the primary location of most signal receptors?
On the plasma membrane
What is the characteristic of the binding between a signal molecule and a receptor?
It is highly specific
What is the term for the process by which a signal is transmitted from the receptor to the inside of the cell?
Transduction
What is the primary mechanism of communication in local signaling between animal cells?
Direct contact between cell-surface molecules
What is the role of cell junctions in local signaling between animal and plant cells?
To directly connect the cytoplasm of adjacent cells
What is the type of signaling that occurs over long distances in a multicellular organism?
Long-distance signaling through the bloodstream
What is the term for a molecule that binds to a cell receptor to initiate a signaling response?
Ligand
What is the name of the molecule that amplifies the signal within a cell in response to ligand binding?
Second messenger
What is the outcome of cellular signaling in response to ligand binding?
Cellular response to signaling
What is the function of receptor tyrosine kinases?
To catalyze the transfer of phosphate groups from ATP
What is a common feature of G protein-coupled receptors?
They are membrane receptors that work with the help of a G protein
What is the function of ligand-gated ion channel receptors?
To act as a gate that opens and closes when the receptor changes shape
Where are intracellular receptors typically found?
In the cytoplasm or nucleus
What is a characteristic of hydrophobic chemical messengers?
They can readily cross the cell membrane
What can an activated hormone-receptor complex do?
Act as a transcription factor, turning on or off specific genes
Learn about the process of signal transduction, including reception, transduction, and response. Understand how signaling molecules bind to receptors and trigger specific responses in target cells.
Make Your Own Quizzes and Flashcards
Convert your notes into interactive study material.
Get started for free
