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Cellular signaling |

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of a receptor protein in a target cell?

To respond directly to the signal molecule
To amplify the signal molecule
To transmit the signal molecule to the nucleus
To detect and bind to a signaling molecule (correct)

What is the result of the binding of a signaling molecule to a receptor protein?

The signal molecule is degraded
The receptor protein remains unchanged
The receptor protein is internalized
A shape change occurs in the receptor protein (correct)

What is the largest family of cell-surface receptors?

G protein-coupled receptors (correct)
Ion channel receptors
Receptor tyrosine kinases
Ligand-gated receptors

What is the primary location of most signal receptors?

On the plasma membrane (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of the binding between a signal molecule and a receptor?

It is highly specific (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the process by which a signal is transmitted from the receptor to the inside of the cell?

Transduction (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism of communication in local signaling between animal cells?

Direct contact between cell-surface molecules (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of cell junctions in local signaling between animal and plant cells?

To directly connect the cytoplasm of adjacent cells (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the type of signaling that occurs over long distances in a multicellular organism?

Long-distance signaling through the bloodstream (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for a molecule that binds to a cell receptor to initiate a signaling response?

Ligand (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the molecule that amplifies the signal within a cell in response to ligand binding?

Second messenger (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the outcome of cellular signaling in response to ligand binding?

Cellular response to signaling (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of receptor tyrosine kinases?

To catalyze the transfer of phosphate groups from ATP (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is a common feature of G protein-coupled receptors?

They are membrane receptors that work with the help of a G protein (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of ligand-gated ion channel receptors?

To act as a gate that opens and closes when the receptor changes shape (A) Signup and view all the answers

Where are intracellular receptors typically found?

In the cytoplasm or nucleus (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of hydrophobic chemical messengers?

They can readily cross the cell membrane (A) Signup and view all the answers

What can an activated hormone-receptor complex do?

Act as a transcription factor, turning on or off specific genes (C) Signup and view all the answers

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