Side Effects of Corticosteroid Therapy and DMARDs

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Which condition leads to the straightening of lumbar curvature?

Pendulous abdomen

Osteoporosis

Ankylosing spondylitis (correct)

Pregnancy

What characterizes the abnormal exaggeration of lumbar lordosis?

Pregnancy (correct)

Osteoporosis

Pendulous abdomen

Ankylosing spondylitis

In which condition is the abnormal exaggeration of dorsal kyphosis commonly observed?

Osteoporosis (correct)

Ankylosing spondylitis

Pendulous abdomen

Pregnancy

What leads to the straightening of lumbar curvature in longstanding cases?

Ankylosing spondylitis Signup and view all the answers

Which condition is associated with the normal curvature of the vertebral column known as cervical lordosis?

None of the above Signup and view all the answers

What are the parts that can differentiate between vertebrae along the vertebral column?

Transitional vertebrae, spinous process, and transverse process Signup and view all the answers

Which cervical vertebrae allows head nodding “yes”?

C1 (Atlas) Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic feature of the Axis (C2) vertebrae?

Odontoid process Signup and view all the answers

Which joint is located on each side of the four cervical discs between levels C3 and C7 in the spine?

Uncovertebral joint Signup and view all the answers

What is the composition of the disc between the cervical vertebrae?

80% water, annulus fibrosus “outer”, nucleus pulposus “inner” Signup and view all the answers

Which muscle has its origin at the sternum and clavicle, and insertion at the mastoid process of the skull?

Sternomastoid Signup and view all the answers

What are dermatomes and myotomes used to detect?

Level of affection Signup and view all the answers

Which autoimmune disease is characterized by primary affection of synovial joints and is more common in females?

Rheumatoid arthritis Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary aim of the criteria used to detect early cases of rheumatoid arthritis?

To pick up the patient early Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common joint deformity associated with rheumatoid arthritis?

Ulnar deviation Signup and view all the answers

Which antibody, when positive, is considered high positive if it is more than 3 folds the upper limit?

Anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibody (ACPA) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of corticosteroids in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis?

Bridge therapy with rapid effect Signup and view all the answers

What is the relative incidence of joint involvement in rheumatoid arthritis, with MCP and PIP joints of hands & MTP of feet being affected in 90% of cases?

80% Signup and view all the answers

What is the prevalence range of subclinical inflammation of the gut in AS patients?

40% to 60% Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a common cardiac abnormality in AS patients?

Aortic insufficiency Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common ophthalmic disorder occurring in AS cases?

Anterior uveitis Signup and view all the answers

What does an electromyogram measure?

Electrical activity of muscles at rest and during contraction Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of nerve conduction studies?

To locate the site of nerve damage Signup and view all the answers

What anatomical site does myasthenia gravis affect?

Neuromuscular junction Signup and view all the answers

Which medication used for rheumatoid arthritis is known for its potential teratogenic effects and requires a chest X-ray before administration?

Methotrexate Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common side effect of Methotrexate used for rheumatoid arthritis?

Nausea and vomiting Signup and view all the answers

Which biological treatment for rheumatoid arthritis is associated with the need for a tuberculin test before administration?

Anti-TNF Signup and view all the answers

What is a common symptom of Ankylosing Spondylitis?

Swollen knee joints Signup and view all the answers

What is the male to female ratio in Ankylosing Spondylitis?

2:1 Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the spine is most often affected by inflammation in Ankylosing Spondylitis?

Thoracic spine Signup and view all the answers

Which type of nerve injury is characterized by focal demyelination and/or ischemia, with recovery potentially occurring within hours to months?

Neurapraxia Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic feature of carpal tunnel syndrome?

Sensory - paresthesia and motor - weakness and atrophy of the thenar muscles Signup and view all the answers

What is the provocative test used to diagnose carpal tunnel syndrome?

Applying pressure over the wrist for 30sec Signup and view all the answers

What is the treatment approach for double crush syndrome of the median nerve?

Wrist splinting and elevation Signup and view all the answers

Which condition is characterized by trauma, rheumatoid arthritis, pregnancy, hypothyroidism, gout, acromegaly, and amyloidosis as causes?

Carpal tunnel syndrome Signup and view all the answers

What type of nerve injury involves broken axons and myelin sheaths with partial or fully intact surrounding stroma?

Axonotmesis Signup and view all the answers

What is the prognosis for spontaneous recovery in neurotmesis without surgical intervention?

Extremely poor Signup and view all the answers

What are the causes of carpal tunnel syndrome?

Nerve compression and ischemia Signup and view all the answers

Side Effects of Corticosteroid Therapy and DMARDs

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Questions and Answers

Which condition leads to the straightening of lumbar curvature?

What characterizes the abnormal exaggeration of lumbar lordosis?

In which condition is the abnormal exaggeration of dorsal kyphosis commonly observed?

What leads to the straightening of lumbar curvature in longstanding cases?

Which condition is associated with the normal curvature of the vertebral column known as cervical lordosis?

What are the parts that can differentiate between vertebrae along the vertebral column?

Which cervical vertebrae allows head nodding “yes”?

What is the characteristic feature of the Axis (C2) vertebrae?

Which joint is located on each side of the four cervical discs between levels C3 and C7 in the spine?

What is the composition of the disc between the cervical vertebrae?

Which muscle has its origin at the sternum and clavicle, and insertion at the mastoid process of the skull?

What are dermatomes and myotomes used to detect?

Which autoimmune disease is characterized by primary affection of synovial joints and is more common in females?

What is the primary aim of the criteria used to detect early cases of rheumatoid arthritis?

What is the most common joint deformity associated with rheumatoid arthritis?

Which antibody, when positive, is considered high positive if it is more than 3 folds the upper limit?

What is the role of corticosteroids in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis?

What is the relative incidence of joint involvement in rheumatoid arthritis, with MCP and PIP joints of hands & MTP of feet being affected in 90% of cases?

What is the prevalence range of subclinical inflammation of the gut in AS patients?

Which of the following is a common cardiac abnormality in AS patients?

What is the most common ophthalmic disorder occurring in AS cases?

What does an electromyogram measure?

What is the main purpose of nerve conduction studies?

What anatomical site does myasthenia gravis affect?

Which medication used for rheumatoid arthritis is known for its potential teratogenic effects and requires a chest X-ray before administration?

What is the most common side effect of Methotrexate used for rheumatoid arthritis?

Which biological treatment for rheumatoid arthritis is associated with the need for a tuberculin test before administration?

What is a common symptom of Ankylosing Spondylitis?

What is the male to female ratio in Ankylosing Spondylitis?

Which part of the spine is most often affected by inflammation in Ankylosing Spondylitis?

Which type of nerve injury is characterized by focal demyelination and/or ischemia, with recovery potentially occurring within hours to months?

What is the characteristic feature of carpal tunnel syndrome?

What is the provocative test used to diagnose carpal tunnel syndrome?

What is the treatment approach for double crush syndrome of the median nerve?

Which condition is characterized by trauma, rheumatoid arthritis, pregnancy, hypothyroidism, gout, acromegaly, and amyloidosis as causes?

What type of nerve injury involves broken axons and myelin sheaths with partial or fully intact surrounding stroma?

What is the prognosis for spontaneous recovery in neurotmesis without surgical intervention?

What are the causes of carpal tunnel syndrome?

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