19 Questions
What is the mechanism of action of Anticholinergics bronchodilators?
Competitive antagonists of Ach at the muscarinic receptor
Urinary retention is a systemic side effect of Anticholinergics bronchodilators.
True
What is the duration of action of Tiotropium Bromide?
24 hours
Ipratropium is a _____________ acting Anticholinergics bronchodilator.
short
Match the following Anticholinergics bronchodilators with their duration of action:
Ipratropium = 2-4 hours Tiotropium Bromide = 24 hours Oxitropium = 4-6 hours
What is a contraindication for the use of Anticholinergics bronchodilators?
Narrow-angle glaucoma
What are the classical antiasthma drugs?
Bronchodilators and Antiinflammatory corticosteroids
Inhaled corticosteroids are used to reduce bronchial smooth muscle constriction.
False
What is the primary goal of asthma management?
To control symptoms and prevent attacks
Inhalational devices are used to deliver antiasthma drugs directly to the __________.
lungs
Match the following antiasthma drugs with their mechanism of action:
Bronchodilators = Reduce bronchial smooth muscle constriction Inhaled corticosteroids = Reduce inflammation β2 receptor agonists = Stimulate bronchial smooth muscle relaxation Glucocorticoids = Suppress immune response
What is an essential supplemental measure during Glucocorticoids (GC) therapy?
Diet rich in potassium and low in sodium
Inhaler technique mistakes are relatively rare among asthma patients.
False
What is the purpose of Alendronate biphosphonate in GC therapy?
To inhibit osteoclast activity
Patients treated with corticosteroids should be on a ______ diet.
high protein
Match the following inhalational drug delivery systems with their descriptions:
Pressurized metered-dose inhalers = Requires coordination between breathing and actuation Breath actuated inhalers = Does not require coordination between breathing and actuation Nebulizer = Converts liquid medication into an aerosol
What is a common issue with asthma prescriptions?
Inadequate prescription of asthma medications
Spacer use is not recommended for children with pressurized metered-dose inhalers.
False
About ______% of patients may not adhere to their prescribed asthma treatment.
80
Study Notes
Corticosteroids/Glucocorticoids
- Patients treated with corticosteroids should be on a high protein diet
- Supplemental measures during GC therapy include:
- Diet rich in potassium and low in sodium
- Caloric management to prevent obesity
- High protein intake
- Appropriate antacid therapy
- Calcium and Vit D
- Alendronate biphosphonate to inhibit osteoclast activity
Inhalational Drug Delivery Systems
- Pressurized metered-dose inhalers are used for asthma treatment
- In children, pressurized metered-dose inhalers are best used with a spacer
- Nebulizers are also used for asthma treatment
Pharmaceutical Care Issues
- Inadequate prescription: about 40% of asthma patients may not have adequate prescription of asthma medications according to guidelines
- Low adherence: about 80% of patients may not adhere to their prescribed treatment
- Inhaler technique mistakes: approximately 17% of patients made critical mistakes with their inhaler technique
Classification of Asthma
- Asthma can be classified based on the severity of symptoms
Antiasthma Drugs
- Classical antiasthma drugs are:
- Bronchodilators
- Anti-inflammatory corticosteroids
Bronchodilators
- β2 receptor agonists are a type of bronchodilator
- Anticholinergics are a type of bronchodilator
- Examples: Ipratropium, Oxitropium, Tiotropium Bromide
- Mechanism: competitive antagonists of Ach at the muscarinic receptor
- Side effects: local (dry mouth, pharyngeal irritation), systemic (urinary retention, loss of accommodation, tachycardia, agitation, increased intraocular pressure)
- Contraindications: known hypersensitivity, narrow-angle glaucoma, gastrointestinal tract obstructions, urinary retention
Other Bronchodilators
- Magnesium Sulphate is a bronchodilator
This quiz covers the supplemental measures to be taken while on corticosteroid therapy, including dietary recommendations and medications to prevent various complications.
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