Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the primary cause of Sickle Cell Anemia?
What is the primary cause of Sickle Cell Anemia?
What do secondary structures of proteins refer to?
What do secondary structures of proteins refer to?
Which level of protein structure is affected by the abnormality causing genetic diseases?
Which level of protein structure is affected by the abnormality causing genetic diseases?
Which protein is the most abundant in the human body?
Which protein is the most abundant in the human body?
Signup and view all the answers
What causes the polypeptide backbone to form regular arrangements of amino acids?
What causes the polypeptide backbone to form regular arrangements of amino acids?
Signup and view all the answers
What vitamin is required as a reducing agent for the hydroxylation of proline and lysine in collagen biosynthesis?
What vitamin is required as a reducing agent for the hydroxylation of proline and lysine in collagen biosynthesis?
Signup and view all the answers
Which connective tissue disorder is characterized by impaired structural integrity in the skeleton, eye, and cardiovascular system?
Which connective tissue disorder is characterized by impaired structural integrity in the skeleton, eye, and cardiovascular system?
Signup and view all the answers
Where is elastin primarily found in the human body?
Where is elastin primarily found in the human body?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the main function of myoglobin (Mb) in the body?
What is the main function of myoglobin (Mb) in the body?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the primary function of hemoglobin (Hb) in the body?
What is the primary function of hemoglobin (Hb) in the body?
Signup and view all the answers
Which hereditary hemolytic disease is characterized by decreased synthesis of β-chains?
Which hereditary hemolytic disease is characterized by decreased synthesis of β-chains?
Signup and view all the answers
What are the sources that supply amino acids to the amino acid pool?
What are the sources that supply amino acids to the amino acid pool?
Signup and view all the answers
What process requires molecular oxygen, Fe2+, and vitamin C (ascorbic acid)?
What process requires molecular oxygen, Fe2+, and vitamin C (ascorbic acid)?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the primary characteristic of thalassemia?
What is the primary characteristic of thalassemia?
Signup and view all the answers
What is one of the main functions of elastin in the human body?
What is one of the main functions of elastin in the human body?
Signup and view all the answers
Sickle Cell Anemia is caused by the replacement of polar glutamate with nonpolar valine in the b-subunit of hemoglobin.
Sickle Cell Anemia is caused by the replacement of polar glutamate with nonpolar valine in the b-subunit of hemoglobin.
Signup and view all the answers
The primary structure of a protein refers to the linear sequence of amino acids.
The primary structure of a protein refers to the linear sequence of amino acids.
Signup and view all the answers
Secondary structures of proteins refer to random three-dimensional structures of the polypeptide backbone.
Secondary structures of proteins refer to random three-dimensional structures of the polypeptide backbone.
Signup and view all the answers
What does scurvy result in due to a lack of proline and lysine hydroxylation?
What does scurvy result in due to a lack of proline and lysine hydroxylation?
Signup and view all the answers
Abnormalities in the primary structure of proteins do not cause any genetic diseases.
Abnormalities in the primary structure of proteins do not cause any genetic diseases.
Signup and view all the answers
Collagen is a globular protein found in the extracellular matrix, the vitreous humor of the eye, and bone.
Collagen is a globular protein found in the extracellular matrix, the vitreous humor of the eye, and bone.
Signup and view all the answers
The biosynthesis of collagen involves the hydroxylation of proline and lysine, which requires molecular oxygen, Fe2+, and the reducing agent vitamin C (ascorbic acid).
The biosynthesis of collagen involves the hydroxylation of proline and lysine, which requires molecular oxygen, Fe2+, and the reducing agent vitamin C (ascorbic acid).
Signup and view all the answers
Ascorbic acid deficiency can lead to a decrease in the tensile strength of collagen fibers due to impaired interchain hydrogen-bond formation.
Ascorbic acid deficiency can lead to a decrease in the tensile strength of collagen fibers due to impaired interchain hydrogen-bond formation.
Signup and view all the answers
Elastin is primarily found in the walls of large arteries and the elastic ligaments.
Elastin is primarily found in the walls of large arteries and the elastic ligaments.
Signup and view all the answers
Myoglobin (Mb) is a heme protein present in heart and skeletal muscle and consists of multiple polypeptide chains.
Myoglobin (Mb) is a heme protein present in heart and skeletal muscle and consists of multiple polypeptide chains.
Signup and view all the answers
Hemoglobin (Hb) consists of two identical dimers: (αβ)1 and (αβ)2, and it is primarily found in white blood cells.
Hemoglobin (Hb) consists of two identical dimers: (αβ)1 and (αβ)2, and it is primarily found in white blood cells.
Signup and view all the answers
Thalassemia is characterized by decreased synthesis of both α-chains and β-chains.
Thalassemia is characterized by decreased synthesis of both α-chains and β-chains.
Signup and view all the answers
The amino acid pool is supplied by the degradation of body proteins, dietary protein, and the synthesis of nonessential amino acids.
The amino acid pool is supplied by the degradation of body proteins, dietary protein, and the synthesis of nonessential amino acids.
Signup and view all the answers
The amino acid pool is depleted by the conversion of amino acids to glucose, glycogen, fatty acids, ketone bodies, or CO2 + H2O.
The amino acid pool is depleted by the conversion of amino acids to glucose, glycogen, fatty acids, ketone bodies, or CO2 + H2O.
Signup and view all the answers
The digestion of dietary proteins involves bicarbonate (HCO3-) and pancreatic enzymes.
The digestion of dietary proteins involves bicarbonate (HCO3-) and pancreatic enzymes.
Signup and view all the answers
Elastin can be stretched to several times its normal length but does not recoil to its original shape when the stretching force is relaxed.
Elastin can be stretched to several times its normal length but does not recoil to its original shape when the stretching force is relaxed.
Signup and view all the answers
Nitrogen balance is determined by the input to and output from the amino acid pool.
Nitrogen balance is determined by the input to and output from the amino acid pool.
Signup and view all the answers