Shoulder Impingement and Kinematics
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Questions and Answers

Altered kinematics are believed to reduce the ______ space or approximate the tendon undersurface to the glenoid labrum.

subacromial

Studies have demonstrated that subjects with shoulder impingement may present with decreased ______ upward rotation and posterior tilt during arm elevation.

scapular

Alterations in this normal motion of the ______ have been associated with shoulder pathologies such as shoulder impingement.

shoulder

These altered kinematics have also been associated with alterations in ______ activation or resting length of shoulder muscles.

<p>muscle</p> Signup and view all the answers

The purpose of this manuscript is to review current knowledge of how ______ activation and force production contribute to shoulder kinematics in healthy subjects and persons with shoulder impingement.

<p>muscle</p> Signup and view all the answers

The length-tension relationship and load of the ______ cuff and scapular muscles and tendons are also believed to be influenced by normal kinematics.

<p>rotator</p> Signup and view all the answers

Excess ______ elevation is also mechanically linked to the undesired motion of scapular anterior tilting.

<p>clavicular</p> Signup and view all the answers

Excess upper ______ activation and excess clavicular elevation and retraction have been identified in subjects with impingement.

<p>trapezius</p> Signup and view all the answers

The middle ______ plays primarily a stabilizing role in controlling scapular position.

<p>trapezius</p> Signup and view all the answers

The lower ______ appears to act both as a medial stabilizer similar to the middle trapezius, as well as an accessory scapular upward rotator assisting the serratus anterior.

<p>trapezius</p> Signup and view all the answers

Delayed activation of the lower ______ in response to dropping the arm has also been noted for impingement patients.

<p>trapezius</p> Signup and view all the answers

Patients presenting either with excess scapular internal rotation or ______ of the medial or vertebral scapular border.

<p>prominence</p> Signup and view all the answers

The ______ journal published the manuscript in 2010.

<p>Rev Bras Fisioter</p> Signup and view all the answers

The ______ has been found to be more active during abduction as compared to flexion.

<p>trapezius</p> Signup and view all the answers

The painful shoulder occurs during ______ swimming.

<p>freestyle</p> Signup and view all the answers

In patients with ______ paralysis, the shoulder girdle “droops” and scapular downward rotation and lateral translation occur.

<p>trapezius</p> Signup and view all the answers

The middle and lower ______ anterior are aligned with a substantial mechanical advantage for scapular upward rotation.

<p>serratus</p> Signup and view all the answers

Fine wire ______ analysis was used to examine muscles of the shoulder.

<p>electromyography</p> Signup and view all the answers

Scapular ______ plays a role in the etiology and treatment of impingement syndrome.

<p>stabilizers</p> Signup and view all the answers

The ______ and levator scapulae may be rendered inefficient to rotate the scapula if the trapezius is not active.

<p>rhomboids</p> Signup and view all the answers

The SICK ______ is a type of scapular dyskinesis.

<p>scapula</p> Signup and view all the answers

The middle and lower ______ anterior are the only scapulothoracic muscles with the capability to both upwardly rotate and posteriorly tilt the scapula on the thorax.

<p>serratus</p> Signup and view all the answers

Neuromuscular ______ and rehabilitation of the shoulder complex was studied.

<p>testing</p> Signup and view all the answers

The ______ of action of the middle and lower serratus anterior will also directly approximate the scapula to the thorax, which can serve as a stable base.

<p>line</p> Signup and view all the answers

The scapula has three types of rotations, including upward/downward rotation about an axis perpendicular to the plane of the ______,

<p>scapula</p> Signup and view all the answers

The study by Peat and Grahame consisted of 30 healthy subjects, 18 with ______ pain, ranging in age from 39 to 70 years old.

<p>shoulder</p> Signup and view all the answers

The study by Ludewig and Cook observed alterations in muscle activity in 26 healthy subjects and 26 subjects with ______.

<p>impingement</p> Signup and view all the answers

Reddy et al. conducted a study with 15 healthy subjects and 15 subjects with ______.

<p>impingement</p> Signup and view all the answers

Cools et al. found delayed middle and lower trapezius relative latency to sudden perturbation in 30 healthy subjects and 39 subjects with ______.

<p>impingement</p> Signup and view all the answers

Wadsworth and Bullock-Saxton observed delayed activation and increased variability in serratus anterior latency in 9 healthy subjects and 9 subjects with ______.

<p>impingement</p> Signup and view all the answers

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