Sepsis
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary criterion for defining organ dysfunction in a septic patient?

  • Timing of antimicrobial administration
  • Presence of Gram-positive bacteria
  • SOFA ≥2 (correct)
  • SOFA ≥1

Which of the following Gram-negative bacteria is NOT commonly associated with sepsis?

  • Klebsiella
  • E. coli
  • Pseudomonas
  • Listeria (correct)

What is the recommended timing for obtaining blood cultures in a septic patient?

  • Within 2 hours of presentation
  • Prior to administering antimicrobials (correct)
  • After administering antimicrobials
  • Within 1 hour of presentation

What is the primary goal of antimicrobial selection in sepsis?

<p>Avoiding drug allergies (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a factor in the pathophysiology of sepsis?

<p>Genetic predisposition (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the rationale for administering broad-spectrum antimicrobials within 1 hour of presentation?

<p>To provide adequate coverage for potential pathogens (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a common Gram-positive bacterium associated with sepsis?

<p>Staphylococcus (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of antimicrobial timing in sepsis?

<p>To provide adequate coverage for potential pathogens (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a critical aspect of identifying a septic patient?

<p>Defining organ dysfunction as SOFA ≥2 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of the local immune response in sepsis?

<p>Responding to infection or tissue injury (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal for fluid management in septic patients?

<p>Administer 30 ml/kg IV crystalloid fluid within the first 3 hours (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a risk factor for sepsis?

<p>Hypertension (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended first-line vasopressor in septic shock?

<p>Norepinephrine (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism of corticosteroids in septic shock?

<p>Immunomodulation and anti-inflammatory effects (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended duration of corticosteroid therapy in septic shock?

<p>Until vasopressors are no longer required (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following antibiotics provides gram-positive coverage?

<p>Vancomycin (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended timing for administering antibiotics in septic patients?

<p>Within 1 hour of presentation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary complication of fluid management in septic patients?

<p>Heart failure (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the study that found that stress-dose steroids plus fludrocortisone may improve mortality and decrease vasopressor use?

<p>Annane et al. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the maximum daily dose of hydrocortisone recommended for septic shock patients?

<p>200 mg (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary issue in hypovolemic shock?

<p>Decreased volume status (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of phenylephrine on systemic vascular resistance?

<p>Increases it (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between sepsis and septic shock?

<p>Septic shock is a subset of sepsis with profound circulatory and cellular/metabolic abnormalities (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary effect of dopamine at low doses?

<p>Vasodilation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary issue in cardiogenic shock?

<p>Decreased cardiac output (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of norepinephrine on cardiac output?

<p>Increases it (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary issue in distributive shock?

<p>Decreased systemic vascular resistance (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of dobutamine on systemic vascular resistance?

<p>Decreases it (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary issue in obstructive shock?

<p>Decreased venous return and/or cardiac output (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of vasopressin on systemic vascular resistance?

<p>Increases it (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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