Enclosed Space Entry Procedure: Preparing Valves During Entry

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Questions and Answers

Who should ensure that a risk assessment is conducted to identify all enclosed spaces on board the ship?

The company

What should be periodically revisited to ensure its continued validity?

Risk assessment

Who should authorize entry into enclosed spaces?

Master or the nominated responsible person

What should be issued by the master or the nominated responsible person prior to entry into an enclosed space?

Enclosed Space Entry Permit Signup and view all the answers

What should be ensured before entering an enclosed space?

$6$ potential hazards have been identified and isolated or made safe Signup and view all the answers

Who should determine whether an attendant and the positioning of rescue equipment at the entrance to the space are necessary?

The person authorizing entry Signup and view all the answers

What are examples of enclosed spaces according to the text?

Cargo spaces, fuel tanks, boilers, and engine crankcases Signup and view all the answers

What should companies implement to prevent accidents in enclosed spaces?

Procedures for atmospheric testing, crew training, and regular drills Signup and view all the answers

Who should be trained in enclosed space hazard recognition, measurement, control, and elimination?

Competent and responsible persons Signup and view all the answers

What is the safety strategy to prevent accidents on entry to enclosed spaces supposed to be part of?

The International Safety Management (ISM) Code Signup and view all the answers

What are adjacent connected spaces not used for cargo likely to have?

Similar atmospheric hazards Signup and view all the answers

What is revoked and replaced with new recommendations in the text?

Resolution A.864(20) Signup and view all the answers

What type of readings should be obtained for the atmosphere before entering enclosed spaces?

Oxygen levels, lower flammable limit, and occupational exposure limits Signup and view all the answers

When should testing be carried out at multiple levels for enclosed spaces?

If necessary Signup and view all the answers

What should be provided to persons entering enclosed spaces?

Calibrated and tested multi-gas detectors Signup and view all the answers

When should ventilation continue during occupancy of enclosed spaces?

At all times Signup and view all the answers

In cases of changing conditions in enclosed spaces, what is necessary?

Increased frequency of testing Signup and view all the answers

What should be considered for spaces that have not been tested?

Unsafe for entry Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of Resolution A.1050(27) mentioned in the text?

To provide revised recommendations for entering enclosed spaces aboard ships Signup and view all the answers

What is the specific concern addressed by Resolution A.1050(27)?

Loss of life resulting from personnel entering shipboard spaces with hazardous atmospheres Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the International Labour Organization, according to the text?

Undertaking work related to addressing loss of life in shipboard spaces with hazardous atmospheres Signup and view all the answers

What is the content of the Revised Recommendations for entering enclosed spaces aboard ships?

Guidelines for entering cargo spaces, tanks, pump-rooms, fuel tanks, and similar enclosed spaces Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the Assembly mentioned in relation to regulations and guidelines concerning maritime safety?

To adopt regulations and guidelines concerning maritime safety Signup and view all the answers

What was the previous resolution revoked by Resolution A.1050(27)?

Resolution A.864(20) Signup and view all the answers

What should be worn in enclosed spaces with potentially hazardous atmospheres?

Self-contained breathing apparatus Signup and view all the answers

What should be provided for monitoring in enclosed spaces?

Multi-gas detectors for oxygen, carbon monoxide, and other gases Signup and view all the answers

What type of cargoes can cause oxygen depletion in enclosed spaces?

Oxygen-depleting cargoes such as organic materials or their residues Signup and view all the answers

What should be used whenever possible in enclosed spaces?

Rescue harnesses and lifelines Signup and view all the answers

Which code provides information on the hazards of dangerous goods in packaged form?

International Maritime Dangerous Goods (IMDG) Code Signup and view all the answers

What should nitrogen be used as in enclosed spaces?

Inert gas Signup and view all the answers

What should be the maximum percentage of the occupational exposure limit (OEL) for any toxic vapours and gases before entering an enclosed space?

50% Signup and view all the answers

When should gas testing be carried out in enclosed spaces?

With ventilation to the enclosed space stopped Signup and view all the answers

What should be done if there is a deterioration in the atmospheric conditions while a space is occupied?

Instruct persons to leave the space Signup and view all the answers

In what circumstances should an enclosed space be entered if it is suspected or known to have an unsafe atmosphere?

For essential operation or safety of life Signup and view all the answers

What type of breathing apparatus should be worn when entering a space with a suspected or known unsafe atmosphere?

$SCBA$ (self-contained breathing apparatus) Signup and view all the answers

What is the maximum percentage of lower flammable limit (LFL) allowed on a combustible gas indicator before entering an enclosed space?

1% Signup and view all the answers

What should personnel wear when dealing with spillages or removing defective or damaged packages?

Full protective hazmat suits Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of nitrogen when used as an inert gas in enclosed spaces?

To cause oxygen deficiency Signup and view all the answers

What is a prominent risk associated with oxygen-depleting cargoes and materials?

Oxygen depletion Signup and view all the answers

What should be followed when a ship is fumigated?

Recommendations on the safe use of pesticides in ships (MSC.1/Circ.1358) Signup and view all the answers

Where can information on the hazards of specific substances be found?

International Maritime Dangerous Goods (IMDG) Code Signup and view all the answers

What should be worn in enclosed spaces with potentially hazardous atmospheres?

Full protective hazmat suits Signup and view all the answers

What should be done to enclosed spaces before entry?

Thoroughly ventilate the space by natural or mechanical means. Signup and view all the answers

Who should ensure that safety is established before entering an enclosed space?

The master or responsible person Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary requirement for personnel entering enclosed spaces?

Properly clothed, equipped, and authorized Signup and view all the answers

Who should carry out appropriate testing of atmosphere in enclosed spaces?

Trained personnel with calibrated equipment Signup and view all the answers

What is a requirement for ships' crews with rescue duties regarding enclosed spaces?

Trained in hazard identification, health effects, and required protective equipment Signup and view all the answers

What should be done prior to using equipment in entry into enclosed spaces?

Equipment used in entry should be inspected prior to use. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary responsibility of a responsible person in the context of enclosed spaces?

Ensuring the safety of the entry process Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of an attendant in relation to enclosed spaces?

Supervising those entering the enclosed space and initiating emergency procedures Signup and view all the answers

What is the assumption throughout the assessment and entry process for enclosed spaces?

The space is hazardous until proven safe Signup and view all the answers

What should companies have for entering enclosed spaces?

A comprehensive safety strategy Signup and view all the answers

What is necessary for crew members in relation to enclosed spaces?

Regular training and onboard drills Signup and view all the answers

What should be provided for monitoring in enclosed spaces?

Continuous gas monitoring and personal protective equipment Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary objective of the revised recommendations for entering enclosed spaces aboard ships?

To encourage the adoption of safety procedures aimed at preventing casualties to ships' personnel entering enclosed spaces with hazardous atmospheres Signup and view all the answers

What has investigations into the circumstances of casualties shown about accidents on board ships?

They are caused by insufficient knowledge of, or disregard for, the need to take precautions rather than a lack of guidance Signup and view all the answers

When might there be a need for increased vigilance in certain types of ships?

On ships where entry into enclosed spaces may be infrequent Signup and view all the answers

What should be done if it is impracticable to apply some recommendations to particular situations?

Every endeavour should be made to observe the intent of the recommendations Signup and view all the answers

What is the intended purpose of the recommendations in relation to national laws or regulations?

To complement national laws or regulations Signup and view all the answers

What should be noted about dangers in certain types of ships?

The potential dangers should be recognized and appropriate precautions taken Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

The KR (Korean Register of Shipping) Web Service provides information on testing and precautions for entering enclosed spaces, which may contain hazardous atmospheres.
Persons should be trained and equipped with proper testing equipment, and manufacturers' instructions should be followed.
The atmosphere should be tested before entry and at regular intervals, with readings obtained for oxygen levels, lower flammable limit, and occupational exposure limits.
Testing should be carried out at multiple levels if necessary and, where possible, without entering the space using flexible hoses or fixed sampling lines.
For entry, all tests should be carried out with ventilation stopped and conditions stabilized.
If toxic gases or vapors are suspected, appropriate testing using fixed or portable gas or vapour detection equipment is required, with readings below the occupational exposure limits.
Persons entering enclosed spaces should be provided with calibrated and tested multi-gas detectors, and ventilation should continue during occupancy.
In cases of changing conditions, increased frequency of testing is necessary.
Careful handling of pipelines and valves in enclosed spaces is important, and in emergencies, only properly trained and equipped personnel should perform rescue operations.
Spaces that have not been tested should be considered unsafe for entry.
Enclosed spaces with potentially hazardous atmospheres should only be entered when necessary for testing, essential operations, safety of life or ship.
Minimum number of personnel required for work and suitable breathing apparatus (air-line or self-contained) should be worn.
Multi-gas detectors and calibrated testing should be provided for monitoring oxygen, carbon monoxide, and other gases.
Rescue harnesses and lifelines should be used whenever possible, and appropriate protective clothing should be worn.
The text discusses specific hazards related to dangerous goods, liquefied gases, and solid bulk cargoes.
Dangerous goods in packaged form may pose risks from flammable, toxic or corrosive gases, vapors, or residues, and information on their hazards can be found in the International Maritime Dangerous Goods (IMDG) Code, Emergency Procedures for Ships Carrying Dangerous Goods (EMS), and Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS).
Personnel handling spillages or defective packages should be trained and wear suitable breathing apparatus and appropriate protective clothing.
In the tanker industry, the extensive advice on enclosed space entry for ships carrying oil, chemicals, and liquefied gases should be used as a basis for preparing entry plans.
Dangerous atmospheres may develop in cargo spaces and adjacent spaces, particularly on ships carrying solid bulk cargoes, and should be identified and addressed in accordance with the International Maritime Solid Bulk Cargoes (IMSBC) Code.
Nitrogen, when used as an inert gas, causes oxygen deficiency in enclosed spaces and must be handled with extreme care, including proper training and appropriate breathing apparatus.
Oxygen-depleting cargoes, such as organic materials or their residues, grain, oilseeds, wood, jute, hemp, fish, guano, sulphidic ores, coal, lignite, charcoal, direct reduced iron, dry ice, metal wastes, and scrap metal, can cause oxygen depletion and must be handled carefully.
Unsafe atmospheres in enclosed spaces can be oxygen-deficient, oxygen-enriched, flammable, or toxic.
Enclosed spaces are spaces with limited openings, inadequate ventilation, and not designed for continuous worker occupancy. Examples include cargo spaces, fuel tanks, and engine crankcases.
Adjacent connected spaces are spaces with similar atmospheric characteristics and are not used for cargo.
A competent person is someone with sufficient knowledge and experience to assess the likelihood of dangerous atmospheres.
A responsible person is someone authorized to permit entry into enclosed spaces and ensure the safety of the entry process.
An attendant is a trained person who supervises those entering the enclosed space and initiates emergency procedures.
Companies should have a comprehensive safety strategy for entering enclosed spaces.
Procedures for entering enclosed spaces should be included in shipboard safety operations per the ISM Code.
Regular training and onboard drills for crew members are necessary.
Risk assessments for all enclosed spaces are necessary and should be revisited periodically.
Preliminary assessments by competent persons determine potential hazards and required precautions.
Entry into enclosed spaces requires authorization and following established procedures.
Safety precautions include using atmospheric testing equipment, ventilation procedures, and personal protective equipment.
Additional precautions are required for spaces with identified risks.
Throughout the assessment and entry process, the assumption is that the space is hazardous until proven safe.
No one should enter an enclosed space without authorization and following established procedures.
An entry permit system is recommended.
General precautions include ensuring atmospheric testing equipment is in good working order and keeping emergency procedures up-to-date.

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Enclosed Space Entry Procedure

Questions and Answers

Who should ensure that a risk assessment is conducted to identify all enclosed spaces on board the ship?

What should be periodically revisited to ensure its continued validity?

Who should authorize entry into enclosed spaces?

What should be issued by the master or the nominated responsible person prior to entry into an enclosed space?

What should be ensured before entering an enclosed space?

Who should determine whether an attendant and the positioning of rescue equipment at the entrance to the space are necessary?

What are examples of enclosed spaces according to the text?

What should companies implement to prevent accidents in enclosed spaces?

Who should be trained in enclosed space hazard recognition, measurement, control, and elimination?

What is the safety strategy to prevent accidents on entry to enclosed spaces supposed to be part of?

What are adjacent connected spaces not used for cargo likely to have?

What is revoked and replaced with new recommendations in the text?

What type of readings should be obtained for the atmosphere before entering enclosed spaces?

When should testing be carried out at multiple levels for enclosed spaces?

What should be provided to persons entering enclosed spaces?

When should ventilation continue during occupancy of enclosed spaces?

In cases of changing conditions in enclosed spaces, what is necessary?

What should be considered for spaces that have not been tested?

What is the purpose of Resolution A.1050(27) mentioned in the text?

What is the specific concern addressed by Resolution A.1050(27)?

What is the role of the International Labour Organization, according to the text?

What is the content of the Revised Recommendations for entering enclosed spaces aboard ships?

What is the primary function of the Assembly mentioned in relation to regulations and guidelines concerning maritime safety?

What was the previous resolution revoked by Resolution A.1050(27)?

What should be worn in enclosed spaces with potentially hazardous atmospheres?

What should be provided for monitoring in enclosed spaces?

What type of cargoes can cause oxygen depletion in enclosed spaces?

What should be used whenever possible in enclosed spaces?

Which code provides information on the hazards of dangerous goods in packaged form?

What should nitrogen be used as in enclosed spaces?

What should be the maximum percentage of the occupational exposure limit (OEL) for any toxic vapours and gases before entering an enclosed space?

When should gas testing be carried out in enclosed spaces?

What should be done if there is a deterioration in the atmospheric conditions while a space is occupied?

In what circumstances should an enclosed space be entered if it is suspected or known to have an unsafe atmosphere?

What type of breathing apparatus should be worn when entering a space with a suspected or known unsafe atmosphere?

What is the maximum percentage of lower flammable limit (LFL) allowed on a combustible gas indicator before entering an enclosed space?

What should personnel wear when dealing with spillages or removing defective or damaged packages?

What is the primary purpose of nitrogen when used as an inert gas in enclosed spaces?

What is a prominent risk associated with oxygen-depleting cargoes and materials?

What should be followed when a ship is fumigated?

Where can information on the hazards of specific substances be found?

What should be worn in enclosed spaces with potentially hazardous atmospheres?

What should be done to enclosed spaces before entry?

Who should ensure that safety is established before entering an enclosed space?

What is a primary requirement for personnel entering enclosed spaces?

Who should carry out appropriate testing of atmosphere in enclosed spaces?

What is a requirement for ships' crews with rescue duties regarding enclosed spaces?

What should be done prior to using equipment in entry into enclosed spaces?

What is the primary responsibility of a responsible person in the context of enclosed spaces?

What is the role of an attendant in relation to enclosed spaces?

What is the assumption throughout the assessment and entry process for enclosed spaces?

What should companies have for entering enclosed spaces?

What is necessary for crew members in relation to enclosed spaces?

What should be provided for monitoring in enclosed spaces?

What is the primary objective of the revised recommendations for entering enclosed spaces aboard ships?

What has investigations into the circumstances of casualties shown about accidents on board ships?

When might there be a need for increased vigilance in certain types of ships?

What should be done if it is impracticable to apply some recommendations to particular situations?

What is the intended purpose of the recommendations in relation to national laws or regulations?

What should be noted about dangers in certain types of ships?

Study Notes

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