Chap 4 Agriculture Types Part 1

Questions and Answers

What is the primary purpose of commercial agriculture?

To produce livestock for domestic use

To practice sustainable farming techniques

To grow crops for personal consumption

To cultivate crops for sale in the market for profit (correct)

Which term is used to describe crops grown specifically for commercial purposes?

Food crops

Cash crops (correct)

Cover crops

Rotation crops

What type of labor is commonly utilized in commercial agriculture?

Community labor

Family labor

Volunteer labor

Hired labor (correct)

Where is commercial agriculture most widespread?

Southeast Asia and the USA Signup and view all the answers

What implements are typically employed in large-scale commercial agriculture?

Machine-driven implements Signup and view all the answers

What is a defining characteristic of extensive farming in India?

Specialization in a few major commercial crops Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following crops is NOT commonly associated with extensive farming in India?

Tea Signup and view all the answers

Where is extensive farming predominantly practiced in India?

The Terai region and parts of northwestern India Signup and view all the answers

Which agricultural practice is characterized by large-scale operations and is primarily mechanized?

Extensive farming Signup and view all the answers

Which type of agriculture is primarily associated with crops like tea, coffee, and rubber?

Plantation agriculture Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary characteristic of Shifting Agriculture?

It does not involve ploughing the soil. Signup and view all the answers

Why is Shifting Agriculture discouraged by the government?

It causes soil erosion and flooding. Signup and view all the answers

What is another name for the 'slash-and-burn' method used in Shifting Agriculture?

Jhumming Signup and view all the answers

What type of farming does Shifting Agriculture represent?

Subsistence farming Signup and view all the answers

What environmental consequence is associated with Shifting Agriculture?

Soil erosion and silting Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of subsistence farming?

For the domestic consumption of the farmer Signup and view all the answers

Which type of farming aims to produce the most crops from a small piece of land?

Intensive subsistence farming Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a type of farming mentioned?

Aquaculture Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes commercial agriculture from subsistence agriculture?

Commercial agriculture is driven by market demand. Signup and view all the answers

Which farming type is characterized by varying agricultural practices, including both organic and non-organic methods?

Commercial agriculture Signup and view all the answers

What is the initial step in the process of shifting agriculture known as 'slash and burn'?

Cutting and burning trees Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the land after two or three years of planting in a slash and burn system?

The clearing is abandoned Signup and view all the answers

Why is the clearing abandoned in the slash and burn method?

Weeds and soil erosion Signup and view all the answers

What follows the abandonment of a clearing in the slash and burn process?

The community migrates to a fresh clearing Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a reason for abandoning a clearing in slash and burn agriculture?

Burning of surrounding areas Signup and view all the answers

What significant change did agriculture bring to human life?

A more settled way of life Signup and view all the answers

Which crop is NOT linked to the textile industry?

Wheat Signup and view all the answers

How does agriculture contribute to employment in developing countries?

It provides jobs for uneducated and unskilled labor. Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of the infrastructural development linked to agriculture?

Market yards Signup and view all the answers

What role does agricultural prosperity play in a country's economy?

It provides investable surplus. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about agriculture is true?

It remains a major source of national income in many countries. Signup and view all the answers

What does agriculture help in creating demand for?

Goods produced in non-agricultural sectors Signup and view all the answers

Agriculture has been significant in how many percent of India’s national income?

28% Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Shifting Agriculture: 'Slash and Burn'

Clearing made by cutting and burning trees; seeds are planted in the ground post-clearing.
Typically abandoned after 2-3 years due to reduced yields from weeds, soil erosion, and nutrient loss.
New clearings are made as communities migrate to maintain agricultural production.

Commercial Agriculture

Involves cultivation of crops intended for profit and market sale; these are known as cash crops.
Characterized by large land size, use of machinery, and hired labor.
Predominant form of farming in Southeast Asia and the USA; major fruit orchards in Central America.

Overview of Shifting Agriculture

Considered the oldest form of agriculture, does not involve ploughing.
Commonly referred to as jhumming in India; discouraged by government due to negative environmental impacts such as soil erosion and flooding.

Types of Farming

Basic classifications include subsistence and commercial agriculture, both driven by economic motives.
Broader categories encompass shifting agriculture, intensive and extensive farming, mixed farming, and both organic and non-organic farming.

Subsistence Farming

Focused on producing food primarily for the farmer's own consumption.
Intensive cultivation practices utilized to maximize yields from limited land.

Importance of Agriculture

Agriculture is essential for food, clothing, medicines, and various other products critical to human survival.
Historical significance marked by the Agricultural Revolution over 10,000 years ago, transitioning from a hunter-gatherer lifestyle to settled farming.

Economic Impact of Agriculture

Constitutes 28% of national income in India; pivotal for economic development.
Supplies raw materials to non-agricultural sectors, e.g., cotton for textiles.
Stimulates demand for goods from non-agricultural sectors, such as farm machinery.
Provides employment for a large segment of the rural population in developing countries.
Agricultural surplus enables export opportunities, enhancing foreign exchange earnings.
Infrastructure development is closely linked to agricultural progress, including market yards and transportation systems.

Extensive Farming

Characterized by large farm sizes with fewer workers; focuses on a few major commercial crops.
Large agricultural machinery primarily used; prevalent in the Terai region and northwestern India.
Key crops include wheat, rice, and sugarcane, with a focus on crop specialization.

Plantation Agriculture

Practiced in specific regions like southern and northeastern India, focusing on staple crops such as tea, coffee, and rubber.
Notably features large-scale production and commodity cash crops cultivated on plantations.

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Description

Explore the practice of shifting agriculture, specifically the slash and burn technique. This quiz covers the process of clearing forests, planting seeds, and the eventual abandonment of land due to decreasing yields. Test your knowledge about the environmental impacts and sustainability of this agricultural method.