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Questions and Answers
Which stress type arises from forces acting parallel to the area resisting the force?
Which stress type arises from forces acting parallel to the area resisting the force?
- Compressive stress
- Tensile stress
- Bearing stress
- Shearing stress (correct)
In a punching operation, if a plate's shearing strength is exceeded, what is the most likely outcome?
In a punching operation, if a plate's shearing strength is exceeded, what is the most likely outcome?
- The punch will deform permanently.
- The hole will be smaller than designed.
- The plate will fracture along the shear plane. (correct)
- The compressive stress on the punch will decrease.
When designing a bolted connection in a clevis, which factor is most critical to prevent shear failure of the bolt?
When designing a bolted connection in a clevis, which factor is most critical to prevent shear failure of the bolt?
- Increasing the bolt's length.
- Ensuring the bolt's diameter is sufficient for the applied load. (correct)
- Using a higher grade of steel for the yoke.
- Applying a lubricant to reduce friction.
How does bearing stress differ fundamentally from compressive stress?
How does bearing stress differ fundamentally from compressive stress?
In the context of designing structural fasteners, why is it important to consider both shearing and bearing stress?
In the context of designing structural fasteners, why is it important to consider both shearing and bearing stress?
Calculating the minimum length of the splice plates joining wooden members requires consideration of what key factor?
Calculating the minimum length of the splice plates joining wooden members requires consideration of what key factor?
What effect would increasing the diameter of the punch have on the force required to punch a hole in a metal plate, assuming all other factors remain constant?
What effect would increasing the diameter of the punch have on the force required to punch a hole in a metal plate, assuming all other factors remain constant?
In a single shear scenario, a pin connects two plates. How does the shear area relate to the pin's cross-sectional area?
In a single shear scenario, a pin connects two plates. How does the shear area relate to the pin's cross-sectional area?
What is the primary purpose of using an annular washer when applying a load to a steel rod on a timber support?
What is the primary purpose of using an annular washer when applying a load to a steel rod on a timber support?
How does the presence of double shear affect the design requirements for a pin connecting two members, compared to a single shear connection, given the same applied force and material?
How does the presence of double shear affect the design requirements for a pin connecting two members, compared to a single shear connection, given the same applied force and material?
Why is it essential to consider the compressive stress limitation of the punch itself, in addition to the shearing strength of the plate being punched?
Why is it essential to consider the compressive stress limitation of the punch itself, in addition to the shearing strength of the plate being punched?
A wooden member is connected using plywood splice plates. If the clearance between the ends of the wooden members increases, what adjustment is necessary to maintain the same level of safety?
A wooden member is connected using plywood splice plates. If the clearance between the ends of the wooden members increases, what adjustment is necessary to maintain the same level of safety?
In a lap joint with multiple rivets, what assumption is typically made about the load distribution among the rivets when calculating the maximum safe load?
In a lap joint with multiple rivets, what assumption is typically made about the load distribution among the rivets when calculating the maximum safe load?
For a short wooden post supported by a concrete footing on soil, why is it necessary to calculate both the bearing stress on the concrete footing and the bearing stress on the soil?
For a short wooden post supported by a concrete footing on soil, why is it necessary to calculate both the bearing stress on the concrete footing and the bearing stress on the soil?
What is the effect of increasing the thickness of a plate on the force required to punch a hole of a constant diameter, assuming all other factors remain constant?
What is the effect of increasing the thickness of a plate on the force required to punch a hole of a constant diameter, assuming all other factors remain constant?
In the context of bearing stress, what does the 'projected area' refer to when calculating the stress between a bolt and a plate?
In the context of bearing stress, what does the 'projected area' refer to when calculating the stress between a bolt and a plate?
How would you best describe the effect of increasing the number of rivets in a lap joint on the overall strength of the joint, assuming the load is equally distributed and the material properties remain constant?
How would you best describe the effect of increasing the number of rivets in a lap joint on the overall strength of the joint, assuming the load is equally distributed and the material properties remain constant?
In the design of a clevis connection, what is the significance of ensuring that the yoke thickness is sufficient?
In the design of a clevis connection, what is the significance of ensuring that the yoke thickness is sufficient?
What is the relationship between the resultant shearing force (V) and the area (A) being sheared in the calculation of shearing stress ($\tau = \frac{V}{A}$)?
What is the relationship between the resultant shearing force (V) and the area (A) being sheared in the calculation of shearing stress ($\tau = \frac{V}{A}$)?
When distributing a load from a steel rod to a timber support via an annular washer, what mechanical advantage does increasing the outer diameter of the washer provide, assuming constant load?
When distributing a load from a steel rod to a timber support via an annular washer, what mechanical advantage does increasing the outer diameter of the washer provide, assuming constant load?
Flashcards
Shearing Stress
Shearing Stress
Stress caused by forces parallel to the area resisting the force.
V in Shearing Stress Formula
V in Shearing Stress Formula
The resultant force causing shear, passing through the centroid of the area being sheared.
A in Shearing Stress Formula
A in Shearing Stress Formula
The area being sheared. Shear area is parallel to force.
Bearing Stress
Bearing Stress
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Study Notes
- Forces parallel to the area resisting the force induce shearing stress.
- Shearing stress is also known as tangential stress.
- Shearing stress differs from tensile and compressive stresses.
- Tensile and compressive stresses arise from forces perpendicular to the area on which they act.
- V represents the resultant shearing force passing through the centroid of the area A being sheared.
- Bearing stress refers to the contact pressure between separate bodies.
- It is a type of stress differing from compressive stress, which is an internal stress caused by compressive forces.
Sample Problems in Shearing Stress
- A plate with a thickness of 25 mm and a shear strength of 350 MPa requires a force to punch a hole with a diameter of 20 mm.
- Punching operation on a plate with a specific shearing strength and a compressive stress limitation is considered.
- Punching operation goal is to analyze punching conditions to determine the maximum plate thickness and smallest hole diameter under constraints.
- The plate has a shearing strength of 40 ksi, and the compressive stress in the punch is limited to 50 ksi.
- Determining the maximum thickness of the plate that allows punching a hole with a 2.5-inch diameter.
- Calculating the diameter of the smallest hole that can be punched for a plate thickness of 0.25 inch.
- Calculating the smallest diameter bolt for withstanding the applied load in the clevis, considering the shearing strength of the bolt.
- The applied load, P, is 400 kN and the shearing strength of the bolt is 300 MPa.
- The smallest diameter pin is calculated, shearing stress is limited to 5000 psi and assuming single shear, given the weight of the structural members in the figure is 200 lb/ft
- The wooden specimen failed in shear when the force P reached 8 kN, and the average shearing stress needs to be determined.
- Wooden members A and B are joined using plywood splice plates with surfaces in contact fully glued, Given that the clearance between the ends of the members is 1/4 inch, calculate the minimum allowable length, L, to ensure that the average shearing stress in the glue does not exceed 120 psi.
Sample Problems in Bearing Stress
- A 20-mm-diameter rivet is used to connect two plates, each with a width of 110 mm with allowable stresses of 120 MPa for bearing and 60 MPa for shearing in the rivet.
- Determine the minimum thickness of each plate.
- Find the maximum average tensile stress in the plates.
- In a lap joint, four ¾-inch diameter rivets are used for fastening.
- The maximum safe load P that can be applied is needed, considering that the shearing stress in the rivets is limited to 14 ksi and the bearing stress in the plates is limited to 18 ksi.
- The applied load is uniformly distributed across the four rivets.
- Determine the appropriate bolt and yoke dimensions in a clevis (U-shaped device), ensuring the structure withstands applied forces safely.
- A load of P = 14 kips, ensuring that the shearing stress does not exceed 12 ksi and the bearing stress does not exceed 20 ksi.
- The load P applied to a steel rod is distributed to a timber support by an annular washer.
- The diameter of the rod is 22 mm, and the inner diameter of the washer is 25 mm, which is slightly larger than the diameter of the hole.
- Need to determine the smallest allowable outer diameter d of the washer, knowing that the axial normal stress in the steel rod is 35 MPa and that the average bearing stress between the washer and the timber must not exceed 5 MPa.
- The axial force in the column supporting the timber beam is P = 20 kips, Given this, determine the smallest allowable length L of the bearing plate if the bearing stress in the timber is not to exceed 400 psi.
- A 40-kN axial load is applied to a short wooden post that is supported by a concrete footing resting on undisturbed soil.
- Determine the maximum bearing stress on the concrete footing.
- Determine the size of the footing for which the average bearing stress in the soil is 145 kPa.
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