12 Questions
What is the main idea of the text?
The two paradigms of research: qualitative and quantitative
Which approach to research emphasizes the individual's experiences, beliefs, and perceptions?
Phenomenology
What distinguishes qualitative research from quantitative research?
Interest in processes rather than outcomes
What is the primary instrument for data collection and analysis in qualitative research?
Interviews and observations
Which type of research involves testing a theory composed of variables and analyzed with statistical procedures?
Quantitative research
What makes qualitative research highly descriptive?
Deriving meaning from words or pictures
What is the primary focus of Discourse/Conversation Analysis Studies?
Extracting shared meanings from naturally occurring discourse
Which qualitative data analysis method involves constructing theories grounded in the data itself?
Grounded Theory
What does Ethnography focus on studying?
Shared practices and belief systems of a group
What is the main goal of Narrative Analysis?
Using narratives as the source of data
Which method allows an in-depth investigation of complex issues within a specific context based on a limited number of individuals?
Case Study
What is Inductive Thematic Theory primarily concerned with presenting?
Stories and experiences voiced by study participants
Study Notes
Research Paradigm
- A cluster of beliefs and dictates that influence what should be studied, how research should be done, and how results should be interpreted in a particular discipline
- Divided into two paradigms: qualitative and quantitative
Qualitative Research
- An inquiry process of understanding a social or human problem based on building a complex, holistic picture
- Formed with words, reporting detailed views of informants
- Researchers are primarily concerned with processes rather than outcomes
- Researchers are interested in meaning, or how people make sense of their experiences
- The researcher is the primary instrument for data collection and analysis
- Research involves fieldwork
- The research is highly descriptive, deriving meaning from words or pictures
- The process is inductive
Approaches to Qualitative Research
Phenomenology
- Both an approach to and a method of understanding the behavioral, emotive, and social meanings of lived experiences of individuals
- Emphasizes the individual’s experiences, beliefs, and perceptions
Discourse/Conversation Analysis
- Studies naturally occurring discourse and extracts shared meanings from such discourse
- Text is the object of analysis
- Divided into four themes: discourse as a topic, discourse as a form of action, discourse is rhetorically organized, and language is constructive
Ethnography
- Focuses on studying shared practices and belief systems (i.e., culture) of a group of people in their natural context over a prolonged period
Case Study
- Allows in-depth investigation of complex issues within a specific context based on a small geographical area or a very limited number of individuals as the subjects of the study
Inductive Thematic Theory
- Primarily concerned with presenting the stories and experiences voiced by study participants as accurately and comprehensively as possible
Grounded Theory
- A set of inductive data collection and analytic methods to construct theories grounded in the data themselves
Narrative Analysis
- Focuses on narratives (storytelling) as the source of data
- Research focus shifts from “what actually happened” to “tell me what happened”
- Relates not just lifespans, but also accounts episodes and interconnections among them
Explore the concepts of research paradigms and their impact on scientific disciplines. Learn about the qualitative approach to understanding social and human problems. Delve into the essential question: What is research all about?
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