Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STDs)
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Questions and Answers

How can most STDs be transmitted?

  • Through sharing utensils
  • Through swimming in public pools
  • Through skin-to-skin contact (correct)
  • Through coughing or sneezing

    • What is a common sexually transmitted disease caused by Chlamydia trachomatis bacteria?

  • Chlamydia (correct)
  • Gonorrhea
  • Herpes
  • Syphilis

    • How many cases of syphilis, gonorrhea, and chlamydia were reported in the US in 2018?

  • More than 2.4 million (correct)
  • Around 1 million
  • Less than 500,000
  • Exactly 3 million

    • What can happen to untreated STD cases due to lack of signs or symptoms?

    <p>Long-term damage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did the CDC report regarding STD cases in the US?

    <p>Increase in STD cases including congenital syphilis linked to newborn deaths</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How are most STDs passed between individuals?

    <p>Through sexual contact like vaginal, anal, oral sex, or skin-to-skin contact</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which symptom is NOT associated with chlamydia?

    <p>Painful or burning sensation when urinating</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What complication is specifically mentioned in relation to gonorrhea?

    <p>Disseminated infection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is chlamydia often referred to as the 'Silent' Disease?

    <p>It has no symptoms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common method of gonorrhea transmission?

    <p>Sexual contact</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which STD is the second most common in the US according to CDC report?

    <p>Gonorrhea</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What long-term complication can arise from Chlamydia?

    <p>Pelvic Inflammatory Disease</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a characteristic feature of a gumma in late (tertiary) syphilis?

    <p>A soft, gummy tumor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the CDC data, which group had higher rates of syphilis across different age groups in 2017?

    <p>Men</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a potential consequence of late (tertiary) syphilis if left untreated?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is genital herpes (HSV-2) primarily transmitted?

    <p>Through vaginal, oral, or anal sex, and skin-to-skin contact</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about human papillomavirus (HPV) is true?

    <p>HPV is a major cause of cervical cancer in sexually active women</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the information provided, what percentage of sexually active individuals are estimated to get at least one type of HPV?

    <p>80%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic presentation of primary syphilis?

    <p>Firm, round, and painless chancres that appear 2-6 weeks after exposure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which region of the body are chancres typically found in primary syphilis?

    <p>Genital area</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What symptom is associated with secondary syphilis?

    <p>Fleshy warts in the genital region</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When does secondary syphilis typically appear?

    <p>About 4 weeks after primary chancres heal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a method of STD transmission?

    <p>Unprotected sexual intercourse</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic feature of chancres in primary syphilis?

    <p>Firm, round, and painless</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common complication of Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID)?

    <p>Scar tissue formation in fallopian tubes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a symptom of Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID)?

    <p>Unusual discharge with bad odor from the vagina</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How are the primary and secondary stages of syphilis caused?

    <p>By the Treponema pallidum bacterium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can syphilis be transmitted?

    <p>Through touching a syphilis sore</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Compared to men, women with gonorrhea tend to have:

    <p>More asymptomatic cases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Chlamydia

    • Caused by Chlamydia trachomatis bacteria
    • Can be spread through vaginal, anal, or oral sex and from infected pregnant women to their babies during childbirth
    • Symptoms include:
      • Abnormal discharge
      • Burning sensation when urinating
      • Rectal pain
      • Swelling in testicles
    • Complications can lead to:
      • Sterility or infertility
      • Infection spreading to vas deferens (causing pain and/or fever)
      • Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID)

    Gonorrhea

    • Second most common STD in the US, with an estimated 616,392 new cases in 2019
    • Can be spread through sexual contact; vaginal, anal, or oral sex or from infected pregnant women to their babies during childbirth
    • Symptoms include:
      • Painful or burning sensation when urinating
      • Abnormal vaginal/penile discharge (white, yellow, or green)
      • Rectal discharge
      • Itching
      • Soreness
      • Bleeding
    • Complications can lead to:
      • Sterility or infertility
      • Disseminated infection (rash, arthritis, fever, meningitis, etc.)
      • Painful infection of tubes attached to the testicles
      • Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID)

    Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID)

    • Caused by untreated STDs (like chlamydia and gonorrhea)
    • May experience mild or no symptoms
    • Symptoms include:
      • Lower abdominal pain
      • Fever
      • Unusual discharge with bad odor from the vagina
      • Pain and/or bleeding during sex
      • Burning sensation when urinating
      • Bleeding between periods
    • Complications include:
      • Scar tissue formation outside and inside the fallopian tubes (blockage)
      • Ectopic pregnancy
      • Infertility
      • Long-term pelvic pain

    Syphilis

    • Caused by the Treponema pallidum bacterium
    • Can be spread through direct contact with a syphilis sore (chancre) during vaginal, anal, or oral sex and from mother to baby

    Primary Syphilis

    • Presents with painless chancres that appear on the body after exposure to the infection
    • Chancre:
      • Firm, round, and painless
      • Appears within 2-6 weeks after exposure (could take up to 3 months)
      • Found on the part of the body exposed to the infection (penis, vagina, anus, lips, or in mouth)
      • Typically disappears after a few weeks without treatment (still progresses to next stage)

    Secondary Syphilis

    • Appears about 4 weeks after chancre heals
    • Symptoms include:
      • Condylomata lata or “fleshy warts” in anogenital region
      • Alopecia or patchy hair loss (non-itchy)
      • Non-itchy rash with rough red or reddish brown spots
      • Mucous Patches usually in the mouth, vagina, or anus

    Late (Tertiary) Syphilis

    • Typically occurs 10-30 years after infection begins
    • Can damage various body parts like heart, brain, spinal cord, eyes, and bones leading to severe consequences
    • Types include:
      • Cardiovascular Syphilis
      • Late Benign Syphilis
      • Neurosyphilis
    • Gumma: a soft, gummy tumor, is a characteristic feature

    Genital Herpes (HSV-2)

    • Spread through vaginal, oral, or anal sex, and skin-to-skin contact with someone who has the virus
    • Symptoms include:
      • Blisters around the genitals, rectum, or mouth, leading to painful sores that take weeks to heal
    • No cure available, with outbreaks being common
    • 1 in 8 people aged 14-49 have genital herpes, often without knowing it

    Human Papillomavirus (HPV)

    • Transmitted through skin-to-skin contact and vaginal, anal, oral sex (vaginal & anal most common)
    • Highly common, with an estimated 80% of sexually-active individuals getting at least one type of HPV
    • Major cause of cervical cancer, affecting a significant percentage of sexually active women
    • Can be transmitted through sexual contact with an infected individual

    Overview of STDs

    • Many infections show no signs or symptoms, leading to untreated cases and potential long-term damage
    • More than 2.4 million cases of syphilis, gonorrhea, and chlamydia were reported in the US in 2018
    • CDC reported a rise in STD cases in the US, including congenital syphilis linked to newborn deaths

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    Description

    Learn about infections that can be transmitted through sexual contact with an infected individual. Discover how STDs can be passed through various forms of sexual contact and the ways they can be transmitted. Explore the prevalence of syphilis, gonorrhea, and chlamydia in the US.

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