CH 5: Sex-linked Inheritance
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Questions and Answers

Why are X-linked traits and disorders more commonly expressed in males than in females?

  • Females have one X and one Y chromosome.
  • Males have two X chromosomes.
  • Males have only one X chromosome. (correct)
  • Females have two X chromosomes.

    • What is the main difference between the sex chromosomes of males and females?

  • Females have two X chromosomes. (correct)
  • Females have two Y chromosomes.
  • Males have two X chromosomes.
  • Males have two Y chromosomes.

    • Why do females with X-linked disorders like haemophilia often not show any symptoms?

  • They lack the recessive allele on their X chromosome.
  • They have a Y chromosome.
  • They have only one X chromosome.
  • They have a protective dominant allele on their second X chromosome. (correct)

    • Which chromosome carries more genes and is more commonly linked to genetic mutations and disorders?

    <p>X chromosome</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In individuals with red-green color blindness, what causes the difficulty in distinguishing between these colors?

    <p>Lack of green or red cones in the retina</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is haemophilia characterized by?

    <p>Inability of the blood to clot properly</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is haemophilia inherited?

    <p>Through a recessive allele on the X chromosome</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens if a female inherits two copies of the haemophilia allele (XhXh)?

    <p>She will manifest haemophilia.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the genotype of a female carrier of haemophilia?

    <p>XHXh</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are color blindness and haemophilia considered sex-linked disorders?

    <p>Because they are carried on the sex chromosomes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are X-linked traits and disorders more commonly expressed in males than in females?

    <p>Because males have one X chromosome and one Y chromosome, making the X-linked trait more prominent.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What would happen if a male inherits an X-linked recessive disorder allele (Xh) from his mother?

    <p>He will manifest the disorder because he lacks a second X chromosome with a protective allele.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a characteristic of haemophilia?

    <p>Inability of the blood to clot properly</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why do females with one copy of the haemophilia allele (XHXh) not show any symptoms of the disorder?

    <p>Because they have an extra X chromosome with protective factors.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does the Y chromosome play in determining the manifestation of X-linked disorders in males?

    <p>It provides protection against X-linked disorders.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In individuals with red-green color blindness, what causes the difficulty in distinguishing between these colors?

    <p>A mutation in the genes coding for red and green cones in the retina</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are males more likely to manifest color blindness compared to females?

    <p>Males only have one X chromosome carrying genes related to color vision.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the consequence of a female inheriting two copies of the haemophilia allele (XhXh)?

    <p>She will manifest haemophilia.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement best explains why males are more susceptible to sex-linked disorders compared to females?

    <p>Males have only one copy of each sex chromosome, exposing them to recessive alleles on the X chromosome.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does having two X chromosomes play in females regarding X-linked disorders?

    <p>It gives females a backup copy of genes that may carry harmful mutations.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the genetic basis of sex-linked inheritance?

    <p>Genes located on the X and Y chromosomes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are X-linked traits and disorders more commonly expressed in males than in females?

    <p>Males have only one copy of the X chromosome.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the consequence of a female inheriting two copies of the haemophilia allele (XhXh)?

    <p>She will have symptoms of haemophilia.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it that males are more susceptible to X-linked traits and disorders compared to females?

    <p>Due to having one X chromosome</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens if a male inherits an X-linked recessive disorder allele (Xh) from his mother?

    <p>He will manifest the disease.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why do females with one copy of the haemophilia allele (XHXh) not show any symptoms of the disorder?

    <p>Due to carrying a protective dominant allele on their second X chromosome</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the genotype of a female carrier of haemophilia?

    <p><strong>XHXh</strong></p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is color blindness inherited in individuals?

    <p><em>Sex-linked inheritance</em></p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characterizes haemophilia as a disorder?

    <p>Inability of blood to clot properly due to a lack of clotting factor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why does having two X chromosomes make females less likely to manifest X-linked disorders?

    <p>One X chromosome is inactive in each cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are X-linked traits and disorders, such as haemophilia and color-blindness, more commonly expressed in males than in females?

    <p>Males have only one copy of the X chromosome.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of sex-linked inheritance, what role does the Y chromosome play in males?

    <p>It provides protection against X-linked disorders.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens when a female inherits two copies of the haemophilia allele?

    <p>She will manifest haemophilia.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is red-green color blindness particularly considered a sex-linked disorder?

    <p>It is linked to mutations on the X chromosome that affect color perception.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characteristic of the X chromosome makes it more commonly linked to genetic mutations and disorders?

    <p>It contains more genes compared to the Y chromosome.</p> Signup and view all the answers

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