35 Questions
Why are X-linked traits and disorders more commonly expressed in males than in females?
Males have only one X chromosome.
What is the main difference between the sex chromosomes of males and females?
Females have two X chromosomes.
Why do females with X-linked disorders like haemophilia often not show any symptoms?
They have a protective dominant allele on their second X chromosome.
Which chromosome carries more genes and is more commonly linked to genetic mutations and disorders?
X chromosome
In individuals with red-green color blindness, what causes the difficulty in distinguishing between these colors?
Lack of green or red cones in the retina
What is haemophilia characterized by?
Inability of the blood to clot properly
How is haemophilia inherited?
Through a recessive allele on the X chromosome
What happens if a female inherits two copies of the haemophilia allele (XhXh)?
She will manifest haemophilia.
What is the genotype of a female carrier of haemophilia?
XHXh
Why are color blindness and haemophilia considered sex-linked disorders?
Because they are carried on the sex chromosomes.
Why are X-linked traits and disorders more commonly expressed in males than in females?
Because males have one X chromosome and one Y chromosome, making the X-linked trait more prominent.
What would happen if a male inherits an X-linked recessive disorder allele (Xh) from his mother?
He will manifest the disorder because he lacks a second X chromosome with a protective allele.
Which of the following is a characteristic of haemophilia?
Inability of the blood to clot properly
Why do females with one copy of the haemophilia allele (XHXh) not show any symptoms of the disorder?
Because they have an extra X chromosome with protective factors.
What role does the Y chromosome play in determining the manifestation of X-linked disorders in males?
It provides protection against X-linked disorders.
In individuals with red-green color blindness, what causes the difficulty in distinguishing between these colors?
A mutation in the genes coding for red and green cones in the retina
Why are males more likely to manifest color blindness compared to females?
Males only have one X chromosome carrying genes related to color vision.
What is the consequence of a female inheriting two copies of the haemophilia allele (XhXh)?
She will manifest haemophilia.
Which statement best explains why males are more susceptible to sex-linked disorders compared to females?
Males have only one copy of each sex chromosome, exposing them to recessive alleles on the X chromosome.
What role does having two X chromosomes play in females regarding X-linked disorders?
It gives females a backup copy of genes that may carry harmful mutations.
What is the genetic basis of sex-linked inheritance?
Genes located on the X and Y chromosomes
Why are X-linked traits and disorders more commonly expressed in males than in females?
Males have only one copy of the X chromosome.
What is the consequence of a female inheriting two copies of the haemophilia allele (XhXh)?
She will have symptoms of haemophilia.
Why is it that males are more susceptible to X-linked traits and disorders compared to females?
Due to having one X chromosome
What happens if a male inherits an X-linked recessive disorder allele (Xh) from his mother?
He will manifest the disease.
Why do females with one copy of the haemophilia allele (XHXh) not show any symptoms of the disorder?
Due to carrying a protective dominant allele on their second X chromosome
What is the genotype of a female carrier of haemophilia?
XHXh
How is color blindness inherited in individuals?
Sex-linked inheritance
What characterizes haemophilia as a disorder?
Inability of blood to clot properly due to a lack of clotting factor
Why does having two X chromosomes make females less likely to manifest X-linked disorders?
One X chromosome is inactive in each cell
Why are X-linked traits and disorders, such as haemophilia and color-blindness, more commonly expressed in males than in females?
Males have only one copy of the X chromosome.
In the context of sex-linked inheritance, what role does the Y chromosome play in males?
It provides protection against X-linked disorders.
What happens when a female inherits two copies of the haemophilia allele?
She will manifest haemophilia.
Why is red-green color blindness particularly considered a sex-linked disorder?
It is linked to mutations on the X chromosome that affect color perception.
What characteristic of the X chromosome makes it more commonly linked to genetic mutations and disorders?
It contains more genes compared to the Y chromosome.
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