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Questions and Answers
What term describes individuals whose gender identity aligns with their birth sex?
What term describes individuals whose gender identity aligns with their birth sex?
What does hypermasculinity refer to?
What does hypermasculinity refer to?
How does critical race theory primarily characterize racism?
How does critical race theory primarily characterize racism?
What underlies the cognitive component of prejudice?
What underlies the cognitive component of prejudice?
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What is the emotional component of prejudice primarily responsible for?
What is the emotional component of prejudice primarily responsible for?
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Which statement best describes institutionalized sexism?
Which statement best describes institutionalized sexism?
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What term describes discrimination embedded in policies and practices within organizations?
What term describes discrimination embedded in policies and practices within organizations?
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Which term describes individuals living on the streets without shelter?
Which term describes individuals living on the streets without shelter?
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What do anti-homeless laws often include?
What do anti-homeless laws often include?
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What are civil rights necessary for?
What are civil rights necessary for?
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What does the concept of 'sociological imagination' emphasize?
What does the concept of 'sociological imagination' emphasize?
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Which of the following is NOT one of the four elements of public health approaches to crime prevention?
Which of the following is NOT one of the four elements of public health approaches to crime prevention?
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What does 'internalization' in the context of oppression refer to?
What does 'internalization' in the context of oppression refer to?
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How is 'cultural imperialism' defined in sociological terms?
How is 'cultural imperialism' defined in sociological terms?
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What does the term 'marginalization' refer to in sociological contexts?
What does the term 'marginalization' refer to in sociological contexts?
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What is a characteristic of 'ethnocentrism'?
What is a characteristic of 'ethnocentrism'?
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What does the concept of 'powerlessness' convey in terms of social dynamics?
What does the concept of 'powerlessness' convey in terms of social dynamics?
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What are 'risk and protective factors' in the context of public health and crime prevention?
What are 'risk and protective factors' in the context of public health and crime prevention?
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Study Notes
Sex and Gender
- Sex: Biological characteristics, including sex chromosomes.
- Gender: Behavioral, cultural, or psychological traits associated with a particular sex within a culture and historical context.
- Intersexed: Individuals whose physical sex characteristics fall outside the male/female binary.
- Cisgender: Individuals whose gender identity corresponds with their birth sex.
- Hypermasculinity: Extreme and exaggerated form of traditional masculinity.
- Heteronormative: The view that heterosexuality is the expected or preferred sexual orientation.
Feminist Theories
- Feminist theories are a broad social and political practice and thought that examines gender inequality, with different waves (e.g., first, second, third).
- They are a part of critical theory that aims to destabilize power structures.
Contemporary Gender Inequality
- Individual sexism and institutionalized sexism maintain gender inequality.
- Ethnicity encompasses cultural traits like language, religion, food, and shared descent.
- Race is a socially constructed categorization of people based on physical characteristics.
- Prejudice is a generalized attitude of bias toward a group.
- Racism is a specific form of prejudice based on physical appearance.
- Discrimination is mistreatment based on group membership.
- Critical race theory argues that racism benefits the dominant class economically.
Cognitive, Affective, and Behavioral Components of Prejudice
- Cognitive component: Thoughts and stereotypes about a group.
- Affective component: Emotions associated with stereotypes (e.g., prejudice).
- Behavioral component: Discrimination, which is the acting out of prejudice.
Prejudice, Discrimination, and Social Justice
- Attitudes of prejudice generalized to all members of a group.
- Mistreatment of someone based on group membership.
- Racism: Stereotyping or discriminating against people from a certain racial group.
- Discrimination: Mistreating individuals due to their belonging to a particular group.
Oppression and Privilege
- Privileged groups have unearned advantages.
- Hierarchy: Privileged groups have a higher place than those that are oppressed.
- Oppression: Experiences of disadvantage and power imbalances.
- Internalization: Accepting negative messages and beliefs about groups that one belongs to.
- Exploitation: Using the work of those with subordinate power.
Individual and Systemic Issues
- Inequality: Unequal treatment or opportunities.
- Social Justice: Addressing systemic inequalities and oppression.
- Five Giants: Illness, poor housing, insufficient education, and unemployment, and others.
- Social Police in Canada: The government's role in maintaining social order
- Civic Rights: Essential rights for citizens for individual freedom and justice.
- Political Rights: Rights for citizens to participate in political processes.
- Social Policy: Policies made by governments to improve the lives of citizens.
Social Organization and Power
- Cultural: Values, norms, shared patterns of thought and action (what is considered "right" and "normal").
- Structural: Institutionalized oppression through laws, policies, and social practices.
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Description
This quiz explores fundamental concepts of sex and gender, including biological characteristics, gender identity, and the impact of feminist theories. Additionally, it examines contemporary issues of gender inequality and societal norms. Test your knowledge on these critical topics today!
