Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is a primary consequence of socializing men to be unemotional and violent?
What is a primary consequence of socializing men to be unemotional and violent?
- Increased emotional intelligence
- Heightened sexual aggression towards women (correct)
- Greater collaboration in emotional expression
- Reduction in sexual harassment
According to conflict theory, why did male domination become more pronounced?
According to conflict theory, why did male domination become more pronounced?
- Out of a necessity for emotional expression
- As a result of women's increased workforce participation
- Because societies were worried about inheritance (correct)
- Due to the rise of the nuclear family
What concept describes the act of men and boys showing only traits deemed acceptable by society?
What concept describes the act of men and boys showing only traits deemed acceptable by society?
- Operational conditioning
- Cultural masculinity
- Emotional suppression
- Tough guise (correct)
How does symbolic interactionism explain the teaching of gender roles?
How does symbolic interactionism explain the teaching of gender roles?
What role do men typically play in the functionalist theory of gender roles?
What role do men typically play in the functionalist theory of gender roles?
What characteristics define 'sex' as described in the content?
What characteristics define 'sex' as described in the content?
Which of the following best describes 'hegemonic masculinity'?
Which of the following best describes 'hegemonic masculinity'?
How is 'emphasized femininity' characterized?
How is 'emphasized femininity' characterized?
What significant change regarding beauty standards for women was noted from the 1950s to the 1980s?
What significant change regarding beauty standards for women was noted from the 1950s to the 1980s?
Which aspect of gender roles is emphasized in the content?
Which aspect of gender roles is emphasized in the content?
What does the term 'cisgender' refer to?
What does the term 'cisgender' refer to?
Which of the following statements accurately describes intersex individuals?
Which of the following statements accurately describes intersex individuals?
What differentiates transgender individuals from transvestites?
What differentiates transgender individuals from transvestites?
Which of the following best describes non-binary individuals?
Which of the following best describes non-binary individuals?
What is a misconception about transvestites?
What is a misconception about transvestites?
What term describes the double burden of work and housework that women often experience?
What term describes the double burden of work and housework that women often experience?
Which of the following best describes the 'glass ceiling'?
Which of the following best describes the 'glass ceiling'?
How does the ideology of gender typically view feminine traits?
How does the ideology of gender typically view feminine traits?
In education, what type of bias do girls typically face from teachers?
In education, what type of bias do girls typically face from teachers?
What is meant by 'toxic masculinity'?
What is meant by 'toxic masculinity'?
Which of the following accurately reflects the concept of 'pink ghettos'?
Which of the following accurately reflects the concept of 'pink ghettos'?
How do media representations typically reinforce gender divisions?
How do media representations typically reinforce gender divisions?
How are modern depictions in literature often compared to classic Disney themes?
How are modern depictions in literature often compared to classic Disney themes?
What is a key characteristic of two-spirit individuals in indigenous communities?
What is a key characteristic of two-spirit individuals in indigenous communities?
How do families typically contribute to gender expectations from birth?
How do families typically contribute to gender expectations from birth?
What does the term 'gendered division of labor' refer to?
What does the term 'gendered division of labor' refer to?
What does the concept of patriarchy imply about the social structure?
What does the concept of patriarchy imply about the social structure?
Which statement about performing drag is true?
Which statement about performing drag is true?
How is gender stratification best defined?
How is gender stratification best defined?
What might hinder some non-binary individuals from engaging with trans communities?
What might hinder some non-binary individuals from engaging with trans communities?
What is one common misconception about masculinity and femininity in societal views?
What is one common misconception about masculinity and femininity in societal views?
Flashcards
Sex
Sex
Biological characteristics used to distinguish between males and females.
Gender
Gender
Socially constructed characteristics associated with being a girl, boy, man or woman; behaviors expected of each.
Hegemonic Masculinity
Hegemonic Masculinity
Idealized masculine traits that men are expected to strive for; involves success, capability, strength and heterosexuality.
Emphasized Femininity
Emphasized Femininity
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Gender Roles
Gender Roles
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Intersex
Intersex
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Transgender
Transgender
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Transsexual
Transsexual
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Non-Binary
Non-Binary
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They/them/their
They/them/their
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Drag
Drag
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Two-Spirit
Two-Spirit
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Gender Expectations at Birth
Gender Expectations at Birth
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Gendered Division of Labor
Gendered Division of Labor
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Gender Stratification
Gender Stratification
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Patriarchy
Patriarchy
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Pink Ghettos
Pink Ghettos
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Glass Ceiling
Glass Ceiling
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Glass Escalator
Glass Escalator
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Second Shift
Second Shift
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Hidden Curriculum
Hidden Curriculum
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Media's Role in Gender
Media's Role in Gender
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Ideology of Gender
Ideology of Gender
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Toxic Masculinity
Toxic Masculinity
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Tough Guise
Tough Guise
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Functionalist Theory in Gender
Functionalist Theory in Gender
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Conflict Theory in Gender
Conflict Theory in Gender
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Operant Conditioning for Gender
Operant Conditioning for Gender
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Study Notes
Sex and Gender
- Sex is biologically rooted, describing physical bodies distinguishing between male and female. Categorized as binaries, implying opposite "sexes".
- Gender is socially constructed, characterizing behaviors associated with girls/boys, women/men. It suggests a binary opposition, where people fit into mutually exclusive groups (male/female).
- Gender roles are learned behaviors societies expect from men and women.
Masculinity and Femininity
- Hegemonic masculinity: an ideal of masculinity men strive to achieve, requiring success, capability, and reliability. Often tied to heterosexuality.
- Emphasized femininity: based on women's compliance with subordination to men, demanding support, enthusiasm, and sexual attractiveness.
Problematizing the Binary Construction of Sex and Gender
- Intersex: people born with variations in sex characteristics from the standard male/female categories. One in every 2000 births deviates from "standard" male or female.
- Transgender: an umbrella term for those who do not fit into normative sex/gender constructions.
- Non-binary: individuals whose gender identity cannot be categorized within male/female binaries.
- Doing drag: a stylistic performance where individuals dress as a different gender than assigned at birth.
Two-Spirit
- Indigenous North American term describing individuals who fulfill non-conforming roles; viewed as a gift.
Reproducing Gender: The Family
- Gender expectations begin at birth; child-rearing practices are deeply gendered.
- Parents spend more time talking to girls, leaving boys alone; punish sons more than daughters.
- Gender divides household labor.
Reproducing Gender: Education
- Hidden curriculum: girls are not as important as boys, teachers interact more with boys.
- Intellectual praise of girls centered on neatness and congeniality.
Reproducing Gender: The Media
- Gender divisions are reflected and reinforced in various media (music videos, commercials).
- Women are often portrayed as objects or needing a male savior.
Modern Day Disney
- Disney princesses are often presented as weak, needing rescue by a male figure.
The Ideology of Gender
- Belief that gender is a binary and includes "natural" differences between men/women.
- This can lead to valuing masculine traits over feminine traits.
Toxic Masculinity
- Harmful attitudes/behaviors in men due to hegemonic masculinity.
- Consequences include emotional repression, violence, and sexual aggression. Men are often discouraged from expressing vulnerability.
Sociological Approaches to Gender
- Functionalist theory: focuses on how gender roles are defined to uphold social stability.
- Conflict theory: analyzes how gender influences access to resources and power within society; how the male/female binary promotes social inequality.
- Symbolic Interactionism: examines how individuals interact to create and reinforce gender roles through daily behaviors, practices, and interactions.
Addition Notes
- Patricia Hill Collins' concept of the matrix of domination: highlights how race, ethnicity, class, and disability intersect with gender to create complex inequality experiences.
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