Questions and Answers
What is Hull House known for?
What role did African American ministers play in urban communities?
Political and spiritual leaders
What was Angel Island?
Immigrant processing station
Benevolent societies provided aid in times of need to immigrants.
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What was the Chinese Exclusion Act?
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What was the purpose of Ellis Island?
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An emigrant is a person who moves from their own country to a new land, such as moving from Ireland to the _____.
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The Immigration Restriction League aimed to accept all immigrants into the U.S.
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What was the Know-Nothing Party?
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What defines Second 'New' Immigrants?
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Who were the First 'Old' Immigrants?
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Push factors cause people to leave their homelands while pull factors draw people to another _____.
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What is a Settlement House?
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What is a Tenement?
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Trachoma is a non-contagious eye disease.
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What was the state of urban development in the early 1900s?
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What is steerage?
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Study Notes
Jane Addams and Hull House
- Founded in 1889 by Jane Addams and Ellen Gates Starr in Chicago.
- Aimed to support families, especially immigrants, and served as a model for other settlement houses.
Role of African Americans
- Organized urban communities and provided essential aid.
- African American ministers acted as political and spiritual leaders.
Angel Island
- Located in San Francisco Bay, it was an immigrant processing station similar to Ellis Island.
- Mainly processed Asian immigrants, with longer questioning times and harsher conditions.
Benevolent Societies
- Served immigrant communities by offering assistance during sickness, death, and unemployment.
- Limited support was provided by government agencies for such aid.
Chinese Exclusion Act
- Enacted in 1882, it prohibited Chinese immigration to the US for ten years.
- Marked the first time a specific nationality was banned from entering the United States.
Ellis Island
- Immigrant processing facility near New York City for European arrivals.
- Immigrants were deported if found unhealthy during processing.
Emigrant vs. Immigrant
- An emigrant leaves their home country to settle in another (e.g., moving from Ireland to the US).
- An immigrant is someone who arrives in a new country.
Immigration Restriction League
- Nativist organization advocating for restrictive immigration policies.
- Influenced Congress to pass an 1897 bill requiring literacy tests for immigrants.
Know-Nothing Party
- Nativist political party opposing immigration and Catholicism.
- Wanted immigrants to wait 21 years before obtaining US citizenship; their motto was "I know nothing."
Second "New" Immigrants
- Immigrants arriving during and after the 1880s, predominantly from Southern and Eastern Europe.
First "Old" Immigrants
- Migrants who came to the US before the 1880s, mainly from Northern Europe, including Ireland and Germany.
Push/Pull Factors
- Push factors refer to conditions that drive individuals to leave their homeland.
- Pull factors are attractions that draw people to a new location.
Settlement House
- Centers designed to support immigrants with English education and job training.
- Often operated by educated middle-class women and became focal points for reform in women's and labor movements.
Tenement
- Overcrowded and unsanitary apartment buildings, typically with one window.
- Featured a high crime rate and insufficient exits, often C-shaped.
Trachoma
- Contagious eye disease that led to the deportation of affected immigrants.
Urban Development
- Rapid city growth, with nearly 40% of Americans living in urban areas, a figure that increased in the early 1900s.
Steerage
- The lower deck of ships where steering mechanisms were located, often used by immigrants.
- Conditions were overcrowded, leading to seasickness and disease, with some passengers fatalities.
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Description
Test your knowledge on significant figures and institutions, such as Jane Addams and Hull House, that shaped urban communities. This quiz focuses on the impact of settlement houses and the contributions of African Americans in social leadership. Discover the historical importance of these elements in urban development.
