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Questions and Answers
What is the therapeutic classification of sertraline?
What is the primary action of sertraline?
Inhibits neuronal uptake of serotonin in the CNS
Sertraline is prescribed for major depressive disorder, panic disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), and ___ disorder.
post-traumatic stress
Which of the following is NOT a listed side effect of sertraline?
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For adults with panic disorder, the initial dosage of sertraline is ___ mg/day.
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Sertraline has a significant effect on norepinephrine.
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Which of the following is a nursing implication for administering sertraline?
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What should be monitored in patients taking sertraline for weight changes?
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Study Notes
Classification
- Therapeutic: Antidepressants
- Pharmacologic: Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)
Action
- Inhibits neuronal serotonin uptake in the central nervous system (CNS) to enhance serotonin activity.
- Minimal impact on norepinephrine or dopamine.
- Therapeutic effects include:
- Antidepressant action
- Reduced panic attack incidence
- Decreased obsessive and compulsive behaviors
- Diminished feelings of fear, helplessness, or horror
- Alleviation of social anxiety
- Relief from premenstrual dysphoria
Dosage/Route
-
Depression/OCD:
- Adults: Start at 50 mg/day, may increase to 200 mg/day based on response.
- Children 13-17 years: 50 mg once daily for OCD.
- Children 6-12 years: 25 mg once daily for OCD.
-
Panic Disorder:
- Adults: Start at 25 mg/day, increase to 50 mg/day after one week.
-
PTSD:
- Adults: Start at 25 mg once daily for 7 days, then increase to 50 mg once daily.
-
Social Anxiety Disorder:
- Adults: Start at 25 mg once daily, may increase to 200 mg/day.
-
PMDD:
- Adults: Start at 50 mg/day, titrate during luteal phase (50-150 mg range).
Indications
- Major depressive disorder
- Panic disorder
- Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)
- Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)
- Social anxiety disorder (social phobia)
- Premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD)
- Unlabeled use for generalized anxiety disorder (GAD)
Side Effects
- CNS: Neuroleptic malignant syndrome, suicidal thoughts, dizziness, drowsiness, fatigue, headache, insomnia, agitation, anxiety, confusion, emotional lability, impaired concentration, manic reaction, nervousness, weakness, yawning
- EENT: Pharyngitis, rhinitis, tinnitus, visual abnormalities
- CV: Chest pain, palpitations
- GI: Diarrhea, dry mouth, nausea, abdominal pain, altered taste, anorexia, constipation, dyspepsia, flatulence, increased appetite, vomiting
- GU: Sexual dysfunction, menstrual disorders, urinary issues, urinary frequency
- Derm: Increased sweating, hot flashes, rash
- Endo: Diabetes
- F and E: Hyponatremia
- MS: Back pain, myalgia
- Neuro: Tremor, hypertonia, hypoesthesia, paresthesia, twitching
- Misc: Serotonin syndrome, fever, thirst
Nursing Implications
- Assessment: Monitor for suicidal tendencies, especially in early therapy; restrict the amount of drug available to patients.
- Weekly follow-ups for children and adolescents for the first month and then biweekly.
- Track appetite, nutritional intake, and weight; notify healthcare provider of significant weight loss.
- Monitor for serotonin syndrome symptoms, particularly in patients on other serotonergic medications.
- Observe mood changes in patients with depression; notify if anxiety or insomnia rises significantly.
- OCD: Evaluate frequency and impact of obsessive-compulsive behaviors.
- Panic Attacks: Assess frequency and severity of attacks.
- PTSD: Assess for persistent feelings of fear or helplessness affecting daily life.
- Social Anxiety Disorder: Regularly assess for symptoms impacting social interactions.
- PMDD: Monitor emotional and physical symptoms monthly during the luteal phase.
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Description
Explore the key concepts of Sertraline, also known as Zoloft, through this informative flashcard quiz. Learn about its classification, action, and therapeutic effects, specifically focusing on its role as an antidepressant. Enhance your understanding of this commonly prescribed medication.
