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Questions and Answers
What is synthesized from the amino acid tryptophan in mammals?
What is synthesized from the amino acid tryptophan in mammals?
- Dopamine
- Serotonin
- Melatonin (correct)
- Norepinephrine
Which gland has the highest concentration of melatonin precursor in mammals?
Which gland has the highest concentration of melatonin precursor in mammals?
- Thyroid gland
- Adrenal gland
- Pineal gland (correct)
- Pituitary gland
What is the role of decarboxylase in the synthesis of melatonin?
What is the role of decarboxylase in the synthesis of melatonin?
- Converting tryptophan to serotonin
- Hydroxylating tryptophan
- Decarboxylating serotonin to form melatonin (correct)
- Converting melatonin to serotonin
Which of the following is NOT involved in the synthesis of melatonin?
Which of the following is NOT involved in the synthesis of melatonin?
What is the primary amino acid involved in the production of melatonin?
What is the primary amino acid involved in the production of melatonin?
What is the primary purpose of the medication discussed?
What is the primary purpose of the medication discussed?
Which of the following is NOT a common adverse reaction associated with this medication?
Which of the following is NOT a common adverse reaction associated with this medication?
In addition to drowsiness, which of the following adverse reactions might a patient experience?
In addition to drowsiness, which of the following adverse reactions might a patient experience?
Which skin disorder is specifically mentioned in relation to the medication's use?
Which skin disorder is specifically mentioned in relation to the medication's use?
What effect may this medication have on weight?
What effect may this medication have on weight?
Which serotonin receptors does clozapine show high affinity for?
Which serotonin receptors does clozapine show high affinity for?
What is the primary function of buspirone as a serotonin agonist?
What is the primary function of buspirone as a serotonin agonist?
Which of the following statements about sumatriptan is accurate?
Which of the following statements about sumatriptan is accurate?
What is a unique characteristic of buspirone's addiction properties?
What is a unique characteristic of buspirone's addiction properties?
Which receptor does buspirone primarily act upon as a partial agonist?
Which receptor does buspirone primarily act upon as a partial agonist?
What is the mechanism of action of Reserpine?
What is the mechanism of action of Reserpine?
Which drug is characterized as a partial agonist at the 5HT4 receptor in the gastrointestinal tract?
Which drug is characterized as a partial agonist at the 5HT4 receptor in the gastrointestinal tract?
What physiological effect does Reserpine primarily cause due to its action?
What physiological effect does Reserpine primarily cause due to its action?
In which condition is Tegaserod primarily utilized?
In which condition is Tegaserod primarily utilized?
What is a consequence of VMAT-2 inhibition by Reserpine?
What is a consequence of VMAT-2 inhibition by Reserpine?
What effect does Ketanserin have on 5HT2A receptors in platelets (PLT)?
What effect does Ketanserin have on 5HT2A receptors in platelets (PLT)?
What role does 5HT2 play in platelet aggregation?
What role does 5HT2 play in platelet aggregation?
How does Ketanserin impact the activity of 5HT2A receptors?
How does Ketanserin impact the activity of 5HT2A receptors?
Which statement best describes the function of 5HT2 receptors in platelets?
Which statement best describes the function of 5HT2 receptors in platelets?
What overall effect does blocking 5HT2A receptors with Ketanserin have on hemostasis?
What overall effect does blocking 5HT2A receptors with Ketanserin have on hemostasis?
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Study Notes
Serotonin
- Serotonin is found in the highest concentration in the pineal gland, where it acts as a precursor for melatonin
- Serotonin is synthesized from the amino acid tryptophan by decarboxylase
- Clozapine (atypical antipsychotic) has a high affinity for 5-HT6 and 5-HT7 receptors
Serotonin Agonists
- Buspirone is a serotonin partial agonist on 5HT1A receptors, used as an effective anxiolytic agent, mainly in elderly patients
- Sumatriptan is a selective agonist of 5-HT1 receptors and is highly effective in treating acute attacks of migraine, but is not useful in prevention
- Tegaserod is a 5HT4 partial agonist in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) used for irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) with constipation
Serotonin Antagonists
- Reserpine blocks serotonin (as well as norepinephrine) uptake into storage vesicles by inhibiting VMAT-2, causing depletion of all monoamines
- Ketanserin blocks the 5HT2A receptor in platelets, decreasing platelet aggregation
Serotonin and Platelets
- 5HT2 receptors are present in platelets
- 5HT2 promotes platelet aggregation
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