26 Questions
What is sepsis?
A syndrome caused by an unbalanced host response to an infection
What was previously considered central to the pathogenesis of sepsis?
Disproportionate inflammatory response to invasive infection
When was the first consensus definition of sepsis released?
Early 1990s
How is the host response disturbed in sepsis?
Sustained excessive inflammation and immune suppression
What is the estimated number of individuals affected by sepsis in 2017?
49 million
How many potentially avoidable deaths were related to sepsis in 2017?
11 million
What is a major factor complicating sepsis management across all settings?
Inadequate health infrastructure
What percentage of sepsis cases in hospitals result from health care-associated infections?
50%
In the study, what was the mortality rate of sepsis patients compared to other ICU patients?
57.8% vs. 6.0%
What is implicated in sepsis pathogenesis and confers protection in acute animal models of fulminant infection?
Tumour necrosis factor (TNF)
What fragment levels are reported to have a correlation with sepsis severity?
C5a
Which type of complement activation is an essential component of protective immunity but can cause damage when uncontrolled?
Terminal pathway
What initiates the formation of the pore forming complex C5b-9 on cellular membranes?
C5b cleavage
What is associated with a strong activation of the innate immune system in sepsis?
Pattern recognition receptors (PRRs)
What are some factors that contribute to sepsis mortality?
High ICU length of stay and more medical interventions
What would confer protection in acute animal models of fulminant infection in sepsis pathogenesis?
Blocking TNF
What is the main cause of sepsis?
Unbalanced host response to an infection
Why does the definition of sepsis matter in patient prognostication?
To predict the clinical course and outcome of patients
What was previously believed to be central to the pathogenesis of sepsis?
Excessive inflammation
What is the estimated number of individuals affected by sepsis in 2017?
49 million
What fraction of sepsis cases result from health care-associated infections?
60%
Which pro-inflammatory cytokines are implicated in sepsis pathogenesis?
Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and Interleukin-1β (IL-1β)
What can the uncontrolled activation of complement cause in sepsis?
Organ failure
What can activation of the terminal pathway of complement lead to in sepsis?
Formation of anaphylatoxin
Which patients had a higher combined number of comorbidities in the study?
Sepsis patients
What was the mortality rate of sepsis patients compared to other ICU patients in the study?
Mortality rate, 57.8% vs. 6.0%
Explore the epidemiology, definition, and immunopathology of sepsis in this informative lecture by Anas Abu-Humaidan M.D. Ph.D.
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