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Questions and Answers
What is the definition of bacteremia?
What is the definition of bacteremia?
- The presence of viable bacteria in blood (correct)
- Sepsis associated with organ dysfunction, hypoperfusion or hypotension
- The presence of microorganisms in normally sterile host tissue
- The systemic response to infection
What is sepsis?
What is sepsis?
- The presence of viable bacteria in blood
- The systemic response to infection (correct)
- Sepsis associated with organ dysfunction, hypoperfusion or hypotension
- The presence of microorganisms in normally sterile host tissue
What is severe sepsis?
What is severe sepsis?
- The systemic response to infection
- Sepsis associated with organ dysfunction, hypoperfusion or hypotension (correct)
- Sepsis with hypotension despite adequate fluid resuscitation, and perfusion abnormalities
- The presence of microorganisms in normally sterile host tissue
What is septic shock?
What is septic shock?
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What is the first step in the management of sepsis?
What is the first step in the management of sepsis?
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What is the minimum temperature that defines SIRS?
What is the minimum temperature that defines SIRS?
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Study Notes
Infection and Sepsis
- Infection: presence of microorganisms in normally sterile host tissue.
- Bacteremia: presence of viable bacteria in blood.
- Sepsis: systemic response to infection.
- Severe Sepsis: sepsis associated with organ dysfunction, hypoperfusion, or hypotension.
- Septic Shock: sepsis with hypotension despite adequate fluid resuscitation and perfusion abnormalities.
SIRS (Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome)
- Exaggerated systemic inflammatory response to severe clinical insults.
- Manifested by 2 or more of the following conditions:
- Temperature >38 °C
- Heart rate >90 beats/min
- Respiratory Rate >20 breaths/min
- WBC >12,000 (Leukocytosis)
Management of Sepsis
- Obtain cultures (blood, urine, sputum, etc.) prior to administration of antibiotics.
- Administer broad-spectrum IV antibiotics within 1 hour.
- Initial fluid resuscitation of 30 mL/kg crystalloid for hypotension or lactate >36 mg/dL (≥4mmol/L).
- Vasopressors if MAP <65 mmHg.
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