6 Questions
What is the definition of bacteremia?
The presence of viable bacteria in blood
What is sepsis?
The systemic response to infection
What is severe sepsis?
Sepsis associated with organ dysfunction, hypoperfusion or hypotension
What is septic shock?
Sepsis with hypotension despite adequate fluid resuscitation, and perfusion abnormalities
What is the first step in the management of sepsis?
Obtaining cultures from blood, urine, sputum, etc.
What is the minimum temperature that defines SIRS?
> 38 °C
Study Notes
Infection and Sepsis
- Infection: presence of microorganisms in normally sterile host tissue.
- Bacteremia: presence of viable bacteria in blood.
- Sepsis: systemic response to infection.
- Severe Sepsis: sepsis associated with organ dysfunction, hypoperfusion, or hypotension.
- Septic Shock: sepsis with hypotension despite adequate fluid resuscitation and perfusion abnormalities.
SIRS (Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome)
- Exaggerated systemic inflammatory response to severe clinical insults.
- Manifested by 2 or more of the following conditions:
- Temperature >38 °C
- Heart rate >90 beats/min
- Respiratory Rate >20 breaths/min
- WBC >12,000 (Leukocytosis)
Management of Sepsis
- Obtain cultures (blood, urine, sputum, etc.) prior to administration of antibiotics.
- Administer broad-spectrum IV antibiotics within 1 hour.
- Initial fluid resuscitation of 30 mL/kg crystalloid for hypotension or lactate >36 mg/dL (≥4mmol/L).
- Vasopressors if MAP <65 mmHg.
This quiz tests your knowledge of sepsis, septic shock, and infection, covering topics such as bacteremia, systemic response, and clinical pharmacy.
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