Sepsis and Septic Shock Quiz

Infection and Sepsis

• Infection: presence of microorganisms in normally sterile host tissue.
• Bacteremia: presence of viable bacteria in blood.
• Sepsis: systemic response to infection.
• Severe Sepsis: sepsis associated with organ dysfunction, hypoperfusion, or hypotension.
• Septic Shock: sepsis with hypotension despite adequate fluid resuscitation and perfusion abnormalities.

SIRS (Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome)

• Exaggerated systemic inflammatory response to severe clinical insults.
• Manifested by 2 or more of the following conditions:
  • Temperature >38 °C
  • Heart rate >90 beats/min
  • Respiratory Rate >20 breaths/min
  • WBC >12,000 (Leukocytosis)

Management of Sepsis

• Obtain cultures (blood, urine, sputum, etc.) prior to administration of antibiotics.
• Administer broad-spectrum IV antibiotics within 1 hour.
• Initial fluid resuscitation of 30 mL/kg crystalloid for hypotension or lactate >36 mg/dL (≥4mmol/L).
• Vasopressors if MAP <65 mmHg.

This quiz tests your knowledge of sepsis, septic shock, and infection, covering topics such as bacteremia, systemic response, and clinical pharmacy.