Infection, Inflammation, and Early Sepsis Learning Objectives

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Which of the following best describes Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome (SIRS)?

A condition characterized by a decrease in heart rate and body temperature

An exaggerated response to bacterial infections only

A localized inflammatory response that remains confined to a specific area

A systemic exaggerated response to infection, trauma, or other insults (correct)

What criteria must be met for a patient to be classified as having SIRS?

Presence of at least 3 out of 5 specific criteria (correct)

High blood pressure, low respiratory rate, and fever

Elevated white blood cell count and low heart rate

Low body temperature and rapid breathing

What is the lowest acceptable Mean Arterial Pressure (MAP) for a patient to avoid progressing into SIRS?

50mmHg

Less than 40mmHg

60mmHg (correct)

Above 80mmHg

What is the most common goal for the Mean Arterial Pressure (MAP) in elderly patients?

60mmHg Signup and view all the answers

How many criteria from the Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome (SIRS) must a patient meet to be considered as having SIRS?

At least 3 criteria Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of monitoring feeding tubes in patients with an artificial airway/positive pressure ventilation?

To prevent aspiration pneumonia Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to obtain a pan-culture (cultures of urine, sputum, wound exudate) prior to starting antibiotics in septic patients?

To identify the exact organism causing the infection Signup and view all the answers

How does the 1-hour timeframe for initiating treatment in sepsis relate to 'Time is Tissue'?

Delayed treatment can lead to irreversible organ damage Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary cause of end organ failure in sepsis?

Low perfusion leading to cellular death Signup and view all the answers

Which antibiotic is commonly used for MRSA (Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus) skin infections in the context of sepsis?

Vancomycin Signup and view all the answers

How do clots contribute to end organ failure in sepsis?

By blocking blood flow to organs Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of obtaining blood cultures in septic patients over a 72-hour period?

To detect bacteria causing septicemia Signup and view all the answers

What is the key difference between Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome (SIRS) and Sepsis?

SIRS involves a localized inflammatory response, while Sepsis is characterized by a systemic response. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the progression from Sepsis to Severe Sepsis?

Severe Sepsis includes organ dysfunction or failure, unlike Sepsis. Signup and view all the answers

How does Septic Shock differ from Severe Sepsis?

Septic Shock involves profound circulatory, cellular, and metabolic abnormalities not present in Severe Sepsis. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following lab tests plays a significant role in diagnosing sepsis by indicating abnormal clotting mechanisms?

PT (Prothrombin Time) Signup and view all the answers

How does aging impact the immune system in relation to sepsis?

In aging adults, sepsis may present with subtle symptoms that can be mistaken for normal aging changes. Signup and view all the answers

Which nursing action is most appropriate for a patient with suspected early sepsis?

Initiating broad-spectrum antibiotics promptly Signup and view all the answers

Infection, Inflammation, and Early Sepsis Learning Objectives

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