29 Questions
What is the main purpose of filtration?
Separate a solid from a liquid
Why is vacuum filtration used instead of gravity filtration?
Solid particles are too small and block the filter paper
Distillation is effective because:
Liquids in the mixture have different boiling points
Recrystallization is primarily used to:
Remove impurities from two solids
Chromatography separates compounds based on differences in their:
Physical or chemical properties
Gravity filtration differs from vacuum filtration in that gravity filtration relies on:
The force of gravity to pull the liquid through the filter paper
What is the primary factor that leads to the separation of compounds in gas chromatography?
Affinity for the stationary phase
Which compound is expected to be retained the longest in gas chromatography?
Compound 11
In gas chromatography, which detector burns all organic compounds and detects current?
Flame ionization detector
What is the purpose of the liquid solvent or mixture of solvents in liquid chromatography?
Carry the sample through the chromatographic column
Which component of a chromatograph contains the stationary phase and interacts with sample components?
Column
What property is used for separation in liquid chromatography?
Polarity, size, or charge
What is the purpose of wetting the filter paper with a small amount of solvent or solution before pouring the liquid mixture into the Büchner funnel?
To create a seal and improve filtration efficiency
What role does turning on the vacuum source play in the filtration process described?
It creates a pressure difference that pushes liquid through the filter paper
Why are different boiling points of components important for effective distillation?
To ensure complete separation of components
How does ethanol's lower boiling point compared to water relate to its intermolecular forces?
Ethanol has weaker intermolecular forces than water
What is the primary function of distillation in separating liquid mixtures?
To separate components based on their different boiling points
How does strong hydrogen bonding contribute to higher boiling points in liquids?
By requiring more energy to transition to gas phase
What is the main purpose of a UV-Visible detector in liquid chromatography?
Measures the absorbance of ultraviolet light to facilitate separation based on size
In Size Exclusion Chromatography, why do smaller molecules take longer paths through the column?
They cannot enter the pores of the stationary phase
What is the role of the mobile phase in liquid chromatography?
Facilitates movement of sample components through the column
Why do larger molecules move more quickly through a Size Exclusion Chromatography column?
They cannot enter the pores of the stationary phase
How are components separated in liquid chromatography?
By differential interaction with stationary and mobile phases
Which type of liquid chromatography is specifically used to separate biomolecules based on their size?
Size Exclusion Chromatography
Why do larger molecules elute first in chromatography?
They enter the non-porous path and move more quickly.
What happens when a salt and sand mixture is combined with water?
Salt dissolves while sand remains insoluble.
What is the main principle behind the separation of molecules in chromatography?
Differences in size
Why are smaller molecules retained for a longer time in chromatography?
They enter the pores and have an extended path.
What is the purpose of the detector in chromatography?
To record signals from eluting components
Test your knowledge on separation techniques such as filtration, distillation, recrystallization, and chromatography. Learn how these methods use physical or chemical differences to separate compounds based on their properties.
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