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Questions and Answers
Which element of a sentence typically specifies the subject?
Which element of a sentence typically specifies the subject?
- Adverbial
- Subject (correct)
- Verb
- Complement
What is an example of an intransitive verb?
What is an example of an intransitive verb?
- He opened the door.
- She painted the picture.
- They disagreed. (correct)
- I gave a ring.
Which sentence demonstrates the incorrect order of elements?
Which sentence demonstrates the incorrect order of elements?
- It is warm in here.
- Warm is it in here? (correct)
- Is it warm in here?
- It is cold in here.
What does a direct object refer to in a sentence?
What does a direct object refer to in a sentence?
Which element would NOT be appropriate in the subject slot of a sentence?
Which element would NOT be appropriate in the subject slot of a sentence?
How can changing the order of subject and verb affect a sentence?
How can changing the order of subject and verb affect a sentence?
Which of the following sentences contains both a direct and an indirect object?
Which of the following sentences contains both a direct and an indirect object?
What type of words usually fit into the adverbial position in a sentence?
What type of words usually fit into the adverbial position in a sentence?
What defines the meaning of a word in relation to other words?
What defines the meaning of a word in relation to other words?
What is the effect of adding '-er' to an adjective?
What is the effect of adding '-er' to an adjective?
How can the intonation of a spoken phrase change its meaning?
How can the intonation of a spoken phrase change its meaning?
Which term refers to the alteration of a word that changes its grammatical meaning?
Which term refers to the alteration of a word that changes its grammatical meaning?
Which word pair illustrates antonymy in describing temperature?
Which word pair illustrates antonymy in describing temperature?
What happens when a speaker raises their voice pitch on a particular word?
What happens when a speaker raises their voice pitch on a particular word?
What is the effect of changing the pitch of the word 'Yes'?
What is the effect of changing the pitch of the word 'Yes'?
What does the term 'intonation' refer to in speech?
What does the term 'intonation' refer to in speech?
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Study Notes
Sentence Structure
- Sentences require specific elements in a defined order for them to be grammatically correct.
- A sentence includes subject, verb, complement, and adverbial.
- The typical structure of a sentence is subject-verb-complement-adverbial.
- Sentence order can be altered, such as changing subject-verb to verb-subject to form a question.
- Some sentences only have two elements, subject and verb. These verbs are called intransitive verbs.
- Verbs can be either transitive (taking an object) or intransitive (not taking an object).
- Sentences can have direct and indirect objects.
- Direct objects refer to things or persons affected by the verb.
- Indirect objects refer to the person or thing that benefits from the action.
Sentence Meaning
- Sentence meaning is influenced by the choices of words used.
- The speaker/writer intentionally chooses words to convey specific meaning.
- Word meaning is also defined by its relationship to other words.
- Antonyms are words that have opposite meanings.
- Synonyms are words that have the same meaning.
- A word can have multiple meanings depending on the context.
Word Morphology
- A word’s grammatical meaning can be changed by altering its shape.
- Morphological changes, like adding suffixes, can alter the grammatical function and meaning of words.
- Adding "-er" to an adjective forms a comparative adjective.
- Adding "-ed" to a regular verb forms a past tense verb.
Intonation in Speech
- Intonation, or the rise and fall of voice, impacts the meaning of a sentence.
- A falling voice in speech can indicate a statement, while a rising voice can indicate a question.
- Pitch can also be used to convey various meanings, such as agreement, doubt, surprise, or emphasis.
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