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Questions and Answers
Which type of sensory receptor detects damage (pain receptors)?
Which type of sensory receptor detects damage (pain receptors)?
What does the term 'Noci' in 'Nociceptors' derive from?
What does the term 'Noci' in 'Nociceptors' derive from?
Which type of sensory receptor detects light?
Which type of sensory receptor detects light?
What are the types of stimuli that chemoreceptors detect?
What are the types of stimuli that chemoreceptors detect?
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What is the term used to describe the principle that each receptor responds to a limited range of stimuli and has a direct line to the brain?
What is the term used to describe the principle that each receptor responds to a limited range of stimuli and has a direct line to the brain?
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What generates receptor potentials through mechanical deformation?
What generates receptor potentials through mechanical deformation?
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What is the term used to describe the electrotonic potential generated by a receptor potential?
What is the term used to describe the electrotonic potential generated by a receptor potential?
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Why is there no action potential (AP) except in the axon?
Why is there no action potential (AP) except in the axon?
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What factors can lead to changes in membrane permeability to ions, causing hyperpolarization or depolarization?
What factors can lead to changes in membrane permeability to ions, causing hyperpolarization or depolarization?
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What does mechanical distortion do to the membrane of a sensory receptor?
What does mechanical distortion do to the membrane of a sensory receptor?
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Which of the following statements is true about abnormal ion concentration in the axon?
Which of the following statements is true about abnormal ion concentration in the axon?
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What happens when there is underactivity in the axon?
What happens when there is underactivity in the axon?
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What happens when there is overactivity in the axon?
What happens when there is overactivity in the axon?
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What is the function of reverberatory circuits?
What is the function of reverberatory circuits?
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Which type of information transmission does the autonomic nervous system use to control vascular tone, gut tone, and heart rate?
Which type of information transmission does the autonomic nervous system use to control vascular tone, gut tone, and heart rate?
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What does underactivity in the axon lead to?
What does underactivity in the axon lead to?
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What does overactivity in the axon lead to?
What does overactivity in the axon lead to?
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What is the effect of reverberatory circuits on synaptic sensitivity?
What is the effect of reverberatory circuits on synaptic sensitivity?
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What does the autonomic nervous system control using continuous output from reverberating circuits?
What does the autonomic nervous system control using continuous output from reverberating circuits?
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What is the purpose of abnormal ion concentration in the axon?
What is the purpose of abnormal ion concentration in the axon?
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Which type of receptor responds only when a change is taking place?
Which type of receptor responds only when a change is taking place?
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What is the mechanism of adaptation for mechanoreceptors in the Pacinian corpuscle?
What is the mechanism of adaptation for mechanoreceptors in the Pacinian corpuscle?
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Which type of receptors continue to transmit impulses to the brain for long periods of time while the stimulus is present?
Which type of receptors continue to transmit impulses to the brain for long periods of time while the stimulus is present?
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What is the importance of signal intensity in the interpretation of signals by the brain?
What is the importance of signal intensity in the interpretation of signals by the brain?
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What is the function of inhibitory circuits in the brain?
What is the function of inhibitory circuits in the brain?
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What is the main characteristic of slowly adapting receptors?
What is the main characteristic of slowly adapting receptors?
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What is the purpose of converging neuronal circuits?
What is the purpose of converging neuronal circuits?
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What is the mechanism that stops the reverberatory circuit from continuing to produce output signals?
What is the mechanism that stops the reverberatory circuit from continuing to produce output signals?
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Which type of receptor allows for the detection of only large changes in stimulus strength when the stimulus strength is high?
Which type of receptor allows for the detection of only large changes in stimulus strength when the stimulus strength is high?
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What is the role of tonic receptors in the body?
What is the role of tonic receptors in the body?
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Study Notes
Sensory Receptors
- Nociceptors detect damage (pain receptors) and the term 'Noci' in 'Nociceptors' derives from the Greek word for pain.
- Photoreceptors detect light.
Chemoreceptors
- Chemoreceptors detect changes in oxygen and carbon dioxide levels, as well as pH levels.
Receptor Function
- The principle of specific nerve energies states that each receptor responds to a limited range of stimuli and has a direct line to the brain.
- Mechanical deformation generates receptor potentials through mechanoreceptors.
Receptor Potentials
- The electrotonic potential generated by a receptor potential is called the receptor potential.
- Receptor potentials are graded potentials, and their amplitude depends on the strength of the stimulus.
Action Potential
- Action potentials (AP) only occur in the axon, not in the dendrites or cell body.
- Factors that can lead to changes in membrane permeability to ions, causing hyperpolarization or depolarization, include changes in ion concentrations, neurotransmitters, and mechanical distortion.
Mechanoreceptors
- Mechanical distortion causes the membrane of a sensory receptor to stretch or deform, leading to changes in membrane permeability.
Axon Activity
- Abnormal ion concentration in the axon can lead to changes in axon activity.
- Underactivity in the axon leads to decreased muscle tone, while overactivity leads to increased muscle tone.
- Underactivity in the axon can lead to muscle weakness, while overactivity can lead to muscle spasms.
Reverberatory Circuits
- The function of reverberatory circuits is to maintain a steady output signal for a prolonged period of time.
- Reverberatory circuits are used in the autonomic nervous system to control vascular tone, gut tone, and heart rate.
- The autonomic nervous system uses continuous output from reverberating circuits to control these functions.
- The effect of reverberatory circuits on synaptic sensitivity is to increase it.
Receptor Types
- Phasic receptors respond only when a change is taking place.
- The mechanism of adaptation for mechanoreceptors in the Pacinian corpuscle is through the deactivation of the receptor.
- Tonic receptors continue to transmit impulses to the brain for long periods of time while the stimulus is present.
- The importance of signal intensity in the interpretation of signals by the brain is that it allows the brain to distinguish between strong and weak stimuli.
Inhibitory Circuits
- The function of inhibitory circuits in the brain is to decrease the activity of neurons.
Slowly Adapting Receptors
- The main characteristic of slowly adapting receptors is that they continue to transmit impulses to the brain over a long period of time.
Converging Neuronal Circuits
- The purpose of converging neuronal circuits is to allow for the integration of information from multiple sources.
Reverberatory Circuit Termination
- The mechanism that stops the reverberatory circuit from continuing to produce output signals is through the depletion of neurotransmitters.
Receptor Properties
- The Weber-Fechner law states that a receptor allows for the detection of only large changes in stimulus strength when the stimulus strength is high.
- The role of tonic receptors in the body is to provide continuous feedback about the environment.
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Description
Test your knowledge of the different types of sensory receptors with this quiz! Learn about mechanoreceptors, thermoreceptors, nociceptors, electromagnetic receptors, and chemoreceptors. Discover how each receptor detects specific stimuli and their locations in the body. Challenge yourself and enhance your understanding of the sensory system!
