53 Questions
Which type of sensory receptor detects mechanical compression or stretching of the receptor or of tissues adjacent to the receptor?
Mechanoreceptors
What do electromagnetic receptors detect?
Light on the retina of the eye
Which type of sensory receptor detects changes in temperature?
Thermoreceptors
What do nociceptors (pain receptors) detect?
Damage occurring in the tissues
Which type of sensory receptor detects taste in the mouth and smell in the nose?
Chemoreceptors
What do chemoreceptors detect in the arterial blood?
Oxygen level
Which type of sensory receptor detects osmolality of the body fluids?
Chemoreceptors
What do thermoreceptors detect?
Changes in temperature
Which type of sensory receptor detects carbon dioxide concentration?
Chemoreceptors
What do mechanoreceptors detect?
Mechanical compression or stretching of tissues adjacent to the receptor
What is the phenomenon called when weak signals entering a neuronal pool excite far greater numbers of nerve fibers leaving the pool?
Divergence
What are the two major types of divergence that occur in neuronal pools?
Amplifying and inhibitory
Which type of neuronal circuit involves multiple inputs uniting to excite a single neuron?
Convergence
What is the cause of signal prolongation in a neuronal circuit?
Reverberatory circuit
In which type of divergence do weak signals entering a neuronal pool excite far greater numbers of nerve fibers leaving the pool?
Amplifying divergence
Which type of circuit involves continuous signal output from some neuronal circuits?
Reverberatory circuit
What do you call the zones of a neuronal pool where facilitation occurs?
Discharge zones
What is the main principle discussed in the text?
Labeled line principle in sensory information transmission
What are receptor potentials?
Changes in the electrical potential of receptor membranes in response to stimuli
What is one of the mechanisms of receptor potentials?
Electromagnetic radiation
What happens to receptor potential amplitude at high intensity stimuli?
It becomes maximum
How do receptors adapt to constant stimuli?
By reducing their response rate over time
What are the varying characteristics of different types of nerve fibers related to?
Conduction velocities and sensory modalities
Which type of receptor has unique structures that allow for specific responses to stimuli?
Pacinian corpuscle
What allows for the transmission of signals of varying intensity in nerve tracts?
Spatial and temporal summation
What do sensory receptors have specific responses to?
Various types of stimuli
What is the amplitude range for maximum receptor potentials?
50-100 millivolts
What is the primary function of mechanoreceptors?
Detect mechanical compression or stretching
Which type of receptor detects light on the retina of the eye?
Electromagnetic receptors
What do nociceptors (pain receptors) primarily detect?
Damage occurring in the tissues
What do thermoreceptors primarily detect?
Changes in temperature
What is the main function of chemoreceptors?
Detect taste in the mouth and smell in the nose
What is the function of electromagnetic receptors?
Detect light on the retina of the eye
What do chemoreceptors primarily detect in the arterial blood?
Oxygen level
What do chemoreceptors primarily detect related to body fluids?
Osmolality
What do thermoreceptors primarily detect in terms of temperature?
Cold and warmth
What is the primary function of nociceptors (pain receptors)?
Detect damage occurring in the tissues
What allows for the transmission of signals of varying intensity in nerve tracts?
Spatial and temporal summation
What is the maximum receptor potential amplitude?
100 millivolts
What type of receptor has unique structures that allow for specific responses to stimuli?
Pacinian corpuscle
How do receptors adapt to constant stimuli?
By reducing their response rate over time
What do nociceptors (pain receptors) detect?
Painful stimuli
What are receptor potentials?
Changes in the electrical potential of the receptor membrane in response to stimuli
What do thermoreceptors detect?
Changes in temperature
What do mechanoreceptors detect?
Changes in pressure
Which type of sensory receptor detects changes in taste in the mouth and smell in the nose?
Chemoreceptor
What is the phenomenon called when a weak signal entering a neuronal pool excites far greater numbers of nerve fibers leaving the pool?
Amplifying type of divergence
Which type of neuronal circuit involves multiple inputs uniting to excite a single neuron?
Convergence of signals
What type of sensory receptor detects changes in temperature?
Thermoreceptors
What allows for the transmission of signals of varying intensity in nerve tracts?
Divergence of signals
What is one of the mechanisms of receptor potentials?
Threshold and subthreshold stimuli
What do nociceptors (pain receptors) detect?
Painful stimuli
What are the two major types of divergence that occur in neuronal pools?
Amplifying type of divergence and divergence into multiple tracts
Study Notes
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The text discusses the principle of the "labeled line" in the transmission of sensory information to the brain
-
Sensory receptors have specific responses to different types of stimuli, and each type of receptor produces a unique electrical signal
-
Receptor potentials are changes in the electrical potential of the receptor membrane in response to stimuli
-
Mechanisms of receptor potentials include mechanical deformation, chemical application, temperature change, and electromagnetic radiation
-
Maximum receptor potential amplitude is around 100 millivolts and only occurs at high intensity stimuli
-
Receptor potentials can elicit action potentials in the nerve fiber attached to the receptor
-
Receptors adapt to constant stimuli by reducing their response rate over time
-
There are different types of nerve fibers with varying diameters and conduction velocities, which correspond to different sensory modalities
-
Some receptors, like the Pacinian corpuscle, have unique structures that allow for specific responses to stimuli
-
Spatial and temporal summation allow for the transmission of signals of varying intensity in nerve tracts.
-
The text discusses the principle of the "labeled line" in the transmission of sensory information to the brain
-
Sensory receptors have specific responses to different types of stimuli, and each type of receptor produces a unique electrical signal
-
Receptor potentials are changes in the electrical potential of the receptor membrane in response to stimuli
-
Mechanisms of receptor potentials include mechanical deformation, chemical application, temperature change, and electromagnetic radiation
-
Maximum receptor potential amplitude is around 100 millivolts and only occurs at high intensity stimuli
-
Receptor potentials can elicit action potentials in the nerve fiber attached to the receptor
-
Receptors adapt to constant stimuli by reducing their response rate over time
-
There are different types of nerve fibers with varying diameters and conduction velocities, which correspond to different sensory modalities
-
Some receptors, like the Pacinian corpuscle, have unique structures that allow for specific responses to stimuli
-
Spatial and temporal summation allow for the transmission of signals of varying intensity in nerve tracts.
Test your knowledge of sensory receptors and the stimuli they detect with this quiz. Explore the different types of sensory receptors and their functions in detecting touch, sound, light, pain, cold, and warmth.
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