Sensory Receptors and Muscle Stretch
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Questions and Answers

What type of stretch is primarily monitored by muscle spindles?

  • Slow stretch
  • Quick stretch (correct)
  • Static stretch
  • Both quick and slow stretches

Inhibited muscles are prone to which of the following conditions?

  • Tightness
  • Weakness (correct)
  • Spasms
  • Hypertrophy

Which of the following exercises is NOT commonly used for lower extremities?

  • Runner’s Stretch
  • Hamstring Stretches
  • Table Slides (correct)
  • Prone Knee Hangs

Which equipment is typically utilized in stretching exercise programs?

<p>Incline ramps (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary objective of PNF inhibition techniques?

<p>Achieve sarcomere give in facilitated muscles (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following sensory receptors with their primary function:

<p>Muscle spindle = Monitors velocity of muscle stretch GTO = Senses length changes in muscle</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following exercises with their target area:

<p>Sleeper stretch = Upper extremities Figure 4 = Lower extremities Prone press up = Trunk Cat and Cow = Spinal mobility</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following stretching techniques with their intended purpose:

<p>PNF inhibition = Promote sarcomere give in facilitated muscles Static stretching = Enhance flexibility without rapid movements Dynamic stretching = Warm-up for activities by enhancing range of motion Selective stretching = Preserve functional grasp in specific muscles</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following stretching equipment with their common usage:

<p>Straps = Assisting in deeper stretches Pulleys = Facilitating controlled stretching Total gym = Providing resistance for various exercises Stationary bikes = Improving lower body circulation</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following muscle conditions with their respective characteristics:

<p>Facilitated muscles = Prone to tightness or shortness Inhibited muscles = Prone to weakness or inhibition Long finger flexors in hypertonicity = Increased resistance to stretch Back extensors in SCI = Critical for maintaining upright posture</p> Signup and view all the answers

Muscle spindles are primarily responsible for monitoring the velocity of muscle stretch.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

GTO inhibits muscle contraction by promoting muscle tension and spasm.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Inhibited muscles are commonly prone to tightness or shortness.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Performing a lunge for hip flexors is an unsuitable exercise for lowering muscle tension.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Selective stretching is important for individuals with SCI to preserve functional grasp.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Muscle Spindle

Sensory receptor that detects changes in muscle length and velocity of stretch, triggering a contraction response.

GTO (Golgi Tendon Organ)

Sensory receptor sensitive to muscle tension, inhibiting muscle contraction to prevent injury.

PNF stretching

Techniques used to promote lengthening of muscles by applying active contraction or passive stretch, targeting facilitated muscles.

Facilitated Muscles

Muscles prone to tightness, shortness, and increased tension.

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Inhibited Muscles

Muscles prone to weakness, inhibition, and reduced tension.

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Quick Stretch

A rapid stretch of a muscle that activates the muscle spindle, a sensory receptor that detects changes in muscle length and velocity.

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Slow Stretch

A gradual, sustained stretch of a muscle that primarily activates the Golgi tendon organ (GTO), a sensory receptor that detects muscle tension.

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Golgi Tendon Organ (GTO)

A sensory receptor located in the tendon that detects muscle tension and inhibits muscle contraction to prevent injury.

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PNF Inhibition

Specialized stretching techniques that use active contractions followed by passive stretching to promote muscle lengthening, particularly for tight or facilitated muscles.

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Muscle Spindle's Role

A sensory receptor in muscles that detects quick stretches and triggers muscle contraction. It helps maintain posture and react to sudden movements.

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GTO's Role

A sensory receptor in tendons that detects excessive muscle tension and triggers muscle relaxation. It helps prevent muscle injury.

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Facilitated Muscles: Tightness

Muscles that are prone to tightness or shortness due to increased tension. They might be overactive.

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Inhibited Muscles: Weakness

Muscles that are prone to weakness or inhibition due to decreased tension. They might be underactive.

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Study Notes

Sensory Receptors and Muscle Stretch

  • Muscle spindles detect the velocity and duration of muscle stretch.
  • Muscle spindles sense changes in muscle length and the rate of stretching.
  • Afferent signals to motor neurons trigger (facilitate) contraction of both intrafusal and extrafusal fibers.
  • Golgi tendon organs (GTOs) provide sensory feedback about muscle tension.
  • GTOs are inhibitory, meaning they reduce muscle contraction.

PNF Inhibition Techniques for Facilitated Muscles

  • PNF (Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation) techniques can promote "sarcomere give" in muscles with increased tension or spasms.

Muscle Types and Stretch Responses

  • Facilitated muscles: tend to be tight or short.
  • Inhibited muscles: tend to be weak or inhibited.
  • Resistance to tensile force ranks: tendons > ligaments/capsules/fascia > skin.

Stretching Exercises (UE, LE, Trunk)

  • Upper Extremity (UE): corner/doorway stretch, table slides, sleeper stretch, prayer stretch
  • Lower Extremity (LE): hamstring stretches (seated, supine, standing), SKTC, lunge for hip flexors, prone knee hangs, heel slides
  • Trunk: lower trunk rotation, prone prop/press up, double knee to chest, posterior pelvic tilt, scalene/upper trapezius stretch(arm fixed), active range of motion (AROM) of neck, axial extension, cat-cow.

Equipment for Stretching Programs

  • Stationary bikes, straps, incline ramps, wands, pulleys, vigor gym, total gym.

Selective Stretching in Specific Patient Populations

  • Patients with SCI (Spinal Cord Injury):
    • Prone press ups (especially for WC users)
    • Anterior shoulder stretches (important for wheelchair use/transfers).
    • Selective stretching is needed to preserve functional grasp (long finger flexors ) and upright LL posture (back extensors) in patients with SCI.
  • Patients with hypertonicity in long finger flexors due to CVA(Cerebrovascular Accident): Specific stretching to target these muscles is needed.

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Description

Explore the fascinating world of sensory receptors in muscles, focusing on how muscle spindles and Golgi tendon organs function in muscle contraction and relaxation. This quiz will delve into PNF techniques and the type of muscle responses during stretching exercises. Test your knowledge on these critical concepts in musculoskeletal physiology.

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