Sensory Impairments Assessment Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is one of the nursing diagnoses related to sensory impairments in the elderly?

  • Risk for depression
  • Impaired taste perception
  • Risk for injury related to altered sensory perception (correct)
  • Impaired mobility due to aging

    • Which sensory impairment is most commonly seen in elderly individuals?

  • Hearing impairment (correct)
  • Smell impairment
  • Kinesthetic impairment
  • Taste impairment

    • What is a common effect of sensory loss in elderly adults?

  • Increased communication skills
  • Better identification of medications
  • Improved social interactions
  • Increased risk of depression (correct)

    • Which of the following may result from non-correctable visual impairment in elderly individuals?

    <p>Difficulty adjusting to sensory loss</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of elderly individuals may experience taste impairment?

    <p>61%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following nursing goals aims to promote safety for older individuals with sensory impairments?

    <p>Remain free from injury</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What may decreased blood flow to nerve endings result in for elderly patients?

    <p>Loss of touch sensations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common characteristic of impaired verbal communication in elderly individuals?

    <p>Difficulty responding to questions appropriately</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of Presidential Proclamation No. 470 in the Philippines?

    <p>It acknowledges the contribution of senior citizens.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What potential risk is associated with the use of azithromycin in elderly patients?

    <p>Higher likelihood of myocardial infarction.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How should levothyroxine be administered to older patients?

    <p>Gradually and with caution.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the Philippine Plan of Action for Senior Citizens promote?

    <p>Community-based approaches for senior engagement.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What health issues may elderly patients face when taking azithromycin?

    <p>Heart rhythm problems.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is the elderly sector vital in nation-building according to the proclamation?

    <p>They play an essential role in family and community support.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What effect does high blood pressure have on certain organs over time?

    <p>It can lead to organ failure.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key function that should be ensured within the Philippine Plan of Action for Senior Citizens?

    <p>Effective leadership and active participation of seniors.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characterizes Alzheimer's disease as a type of dementia?

    <p>Amyloid plaques and beta tangles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which symptom is commonly associated with secondary dementia?

    <p>Aggression</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary area affected in cortical dementia?

    <p>The brain's cortex or outer layer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of dementia is predominantly caused by disease or injury to the blood vessels in the brain?

    <p>Vascular dementia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a symptom of Alzheimer’s disease?

    <p>Motor skill enhancement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common symptom of dementia that does not solely indicate the presence of the disease?

    <p>Memory loss</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During which time may symptoms of dementia typically worsen?

    <p>Nighttime</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT listed as a risk factor for dementia?

    <p>Obesity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes subcortical dementia from cortical dementia?

    <p>It affects areas below the cortex.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cognitive function is characterized by a lack of motivation and diminished goal-directed behavior?

    <p>Apathy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of dementia cases does Alzheimer's disease account for?

    <p>60-70%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the known causes of dementia mentioned in the content?

    <p>Advanced age</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an example of a false belief that can occur in dementia?

    <p>Delusions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which demographic is identified as having a higher risk for developing dementia?

    <p>Women over 55</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What sensory phenomenon is defined as perceptions with a compelling sense of reality but without an external stimulus?

    <p>Hallucinations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following factors contributes to cognitive decline associated with dementia?

    <p>Head trauma with loss of consciousness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the definition of dementia as described?

    <p>A permanent decline in cognitive function and memory.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is meant by 'early onset dementia'?

    <p>Dementia that occurs before the age of 65.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an irreversible cause of dementia?

    <p>Normal pressure hydrocephalus.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the early symptoms that may indicate the onset of dementia?

    <p>Difficulty with regular tasks and forgetfulness at work.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement about dementia is accurate?

    <p>Less than 10% of dementia cases are potentially reversible.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT typically a cause of reversible dementia?

    <p>Age-related degeneration.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is emphasized as crucial for handling dementia effectively?

    <p>Early diagnosis for potential reversal or delay of deterioration.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common form of dementia that can be reversed?

    <p>Dementia due to depression.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Sensory Impairments in Older Adults

    • Hearing loss affects 33% of older individuals; visually impaired individuals constitute 18%.
    • Older adults may turn up the volume of media devices due to hearing difficulties.
    • Difficulty following directions and inappropriate responses to questions may indicate sensory issues.
    • Olfactory impairment affects 24% and taste deficits impact up to 61% in adults aged 70 and older.

    Nursing Diagnosis and Goals

    • Risk for injury identified due to altered sensory perception.
    • Imbalance in verbal communication linked to sensory disturbances.
    • Nursing goals focus on ensuring the safety of older individuals and preventing injury from sensory loss.

    Effects of Sensory Loss

    • Sensory loss leads to increased risk of depression and disability.
    • Challenges in identifying medications can arise due to sensory impairments.
    • Dementia may stem from numerous illnesses and is prevalent in the geriatric population.

    Dementia Overview

    • Dementia represents a significant decline in cognitive function, affecting more than just memory.
    • Common causes of reversible dementia include depression, delirium, and drug toxicity.
    • Less than 10% of dementia cases are reversible; most are irreversible and linked to aging.

    Stages and Symptoms of Dementia

    • Early symptoms may include difficulty with everyday tasks and forgetfulness at work.
    • Irreversible dementia can lead to restlessness, aggression, and inability to recognize familiar faces.
    • Common dementia types include:
      • Alzheimer's Disease: accounts for 60-70% of cases, characterized by amyloid plaques and beta tangles.
      • Vascular Dementia: involves blood vessel-related brain injury, constituting 10-20% of cases.

    Risk Factors for Dementia

    • Major risk factors include family history, smoking, atherosclerosis, high cholesterol, diabetes, and aging.
    • Cognitive decline typically becomes noticeable after age 60, as healthy brain tissue degenerates over time.

    Medications for Older Adults

    • Changes in digestion can alter how medications are absorbed and processed.
    • Azithromycin is effective against pneumonia in the elderly but may increase the risk of heart rhythm problems.
    • Levothyroxine for hypothyroidism should be started at a low dose in older patients to prevent strain on the heart.
    • Lisinopril is a long-acting angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor used carefully in older adults.

    Philippine Initiatives for Older Adults

    • Presidential Proclamation No. 470 established the first week of October as Elderly Filipino Week to promote rights and welfare.
    • The Philippine Plan of Action for Senior Citizens (2011-2016) emphasizes gender-responsive, community-based approaches involving senior citizens in decision-making processes.

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    Description

    This quiz focuses on individual sensory impairments, particularly hearing and vision issues. It evaluates behaviors such as turning up volume and head movements to understand the extent of these impairments. Ideal for assessing common age-related sensory challenges.

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