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Questions and Answers
What is sensation?
Sensation is the initial detection of energy from the physical world through the sensory system, such as light waves for vision, sound waves for hearing, chemicals for taste and smell, and pressure for touch.
What is iconic memory and how does it work?
Iconic memory refers to the brief retention of visual stimuli even after they are no longer present. It involves capturing snapshots of the visual field and lasts for a short duration (250ms-4 sec) without requiring higher order processing like attention.
Describe the experiment conducted by Sperling regarding iconic memory.
Sperling's partial report experiment involved showing letters and then using auditory stimulus (tones) during retrieval. This resulted in better recall (almost 100 percent) compared to trials without auditory stimulus (full report).
What is echoic memory and how was it studied by Moray, Bates, and Barnett?
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What does psychophysics study?
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Study Notes
Sensation and Memory
- Sensation is the process of detecting and interpreting sensory information from the environment.
Iconic Memory
- Iconic memory is a brief, visual sensory memory that stores information for a very short period of time (about 1/2 second to 1 second).
- It works by capturing a mental image of a visual stimulus, allowing us to retain some information after the stimulus has been removed.
Sperling's Experiment
- In 1960, George Sperling conducted an experiment to demonstrate the existence of iconic memory.
- Participants were shown a matrix of 12 letters for 50 milliseconds and then asked to recall as many letters as possible.
- Results showed that participants could recall about 4-5 letters, indicating that iconic memory has a limited capacity.
- Sperling's experiment demonstrated the existence of iconic memory and its role in visual information processing.
Echoic Memory
- Echoic memory is a brief auditory sensory memory that stores information for a short period of time (about 2-4 seconds).
- It was studied by Moray, Bates, and Barnett, who demonstrated that echoic memory has a longer duration than iconic memory.
- Echoic memory allows us to retain some auditory information after the stimulus has been removed.
Psychophysics
- Psychophysics is the study of the relationship between physical stimuli and their subjective perception.
- It aims to understand how we perceive and interpret sensory information, and how our perception of the world is influenced by our senses and brain processing.
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Description
Test your knowledge on the concepts of sensation, perception, and attention. Explore the sensory systems and the initial detection of energy from the physical world. Dive into topics like iconic memory and the interface between external reality and the inner world.
