Seminar on Influenza by Uyeki et al.
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary method of prevention discussed in the seminar for seasonal influenza?

  • Annual influenza vaccination (correct)
  • Wearing masks at all times
  • Regular handwashing
  • Avoiding public places during flu season
  • Which of the following symptoms is typically associated with most people who have influenza?

  • Joint pain
  • Respiratory symptoms and myalgia (correct)
  • Nausea and vomiting
  • Sore throat only
  • What do sporadic zoonotic infections with novel influenza A viruses of avian or swine origin pose?

  • No threat
  • Pandemic threats (correct)
  • Seasonal outbreaks
  • Only mild infections
  • Apart from influenza viruses, what other virus is commonly mentioned in the seminar?

    <p>SARS-CoV-2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is highlighted as a key area of discussion in the seminar?

    <p>Epidemiology of Influenza</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the current trend mentioned regarding seasonal influenza circulation in 2021–22?

    <p>Marked increase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about seasonal influenza is correct?

    <p>It is caused by infection with influenza A or B viruses.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many types of influenza viruses are there within the Orthomyxoviridae family?

    <p>4</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about the influenza virus genome is correct?

    <p>It is encoded by a segmented negative-sense RNA genome.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many proteins are translated from the eight viral RNA segments of influenza A and B viruses?

    <p>12</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about influenza activity in tropical and subtropical areas is correct?

    <p>Influenza activity is observed year-round, peaking at different times.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following groups are mentioned as being at higher risk for complications from influenza?

    <p>Young children, older adults, and people with underlying conditions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended use of serology in diagnosing influenza?

    <p>For vaccine studies and epidemiological investigations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is tissue-cell viral culture not suitable for clinical decision making?

    <p>It does not yield timely results</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of PoC influenza tests used outside of health-care facilities?

    <p>For rapid initiation of antiviral treatment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does home self-collection of nasal swabs compare to swab collection by trained research staff?

    <p>Both methods have similar testing outcomes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential advantage of using molecular assays with smartphone technology for influenza testing at home?

    <p>Results are transmitted in real time to a physician</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is a negative result from RT-PCR for influenza not definitive?

    <p>The test may produce false negatives depending on various factors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a crucial determinant for the pandemic potential of influenza A viruses circulating among animals?

    <p>The ability for the viral hemagglutinin to bind α2,6-linked sialic acids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the estimated basic reproduction number for seasonal influenza, according to the text?

    <p>1.3</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about the incubation period for influenza is true, based on the information in the text?

    <p>The median incubation period is 1.4 days for influenza A and 0.6 days for influenza B.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about the transmission of seasonal influenza A and B viruses is correct?

    <p>They are transmitted at a short range (1-2 meters) through small-particle aerosols.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following diagnostic tests for influenza A and B viruses has the highest sensitivity and specificity, according to the information provided?

    <p>Molecular assay</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Based on the information in the text, which of the following statements about virus culture for influenza diagnosis is true?

    <p>It requires qualified personnel and is usually done at public health laboratories.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is original antigenic sin important in influenza virus infection?

    <p>It generates immunological memory to many viral epitopes, protecting against similar strains</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which chronic condition(s) can impair T-cell responses and induce chronic inflammation?

    <p>Cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and obesity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement about oseltamivir is correct?

    <p>It can be given for prophylaxis after exposure once per day for 7 days</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mechanism of action of zanamivir?

    <p>It inhibits influenza viral neuraminidase, blocking the release of progeny virions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement about peramivir is true?

    <p>There is insufficient data for patients who are hospitalized</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the duration of treatment for baloxavir?

    <p>Single dose</p> Signup and view all the answers

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