Podcast
Questions and Answers
The pharmacist plays a key role in ensuring that the balance of OTC use tips toward benefit rather than ______.
The pharmacist plays a key role in ensuring that the balance of OTC use tips toward benefit rather than ______.
risk
The design of a pharmacy has a major impact on how patients view ______ and react to their consultation efforts.
The design of a pharmacy has a major impact on how patients view ______ and react to their consultation efforts.
pharmacists
The underlying goals of regulations for nonprescription drugs are to ensure quality, safety, and ______.
The underlying goals of regulations for nonprescription drugs are to ensure quality, safety, and ______.
efficacy
Functional barriers hinder the patient's ability to understand ______ that is being communicated by the pharmacist.
Functional barriers hinder the patient's ability to understand ______ that is being communicated by the pharmacist.
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In the US, nonprescription products are governed by the Food and Drug ______.
In the US, nonprescription products are governed by the Food and Drug ______.
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Pharmacists should be an active ______ to improve communication with patients.
Pharmacists should be an active ______ to improve communication with patients.
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New drugs primarily obtain initial evidence of safety and efficacy from ______ studies.
New drugs primarily obtain initial evidence of safety and efficacy from ______ studies.
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Patients can face barriers such as language problems and ______ which affect their health literacy.
Patients can face barriers such as language problems and ______ which affect their health literacy.
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Prescription-to-nonprescription switches are motivated by the desire to extend product ______.
Prescription-to-nonprescription switches are motivated by the desire to extend product ______.
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Nonprescription drugs must include necessary information for proper use on the product ______.
Nonprescription drugs must include necessary information for proper use on the product ______.
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Most countries require that drug information is provided in easily understandable and patient-friendly ______.
Most countries require that drug information is provided in easily understandable and patient-friendly ______.
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The label for OTC drugs should inform users who should or shouldn't ______ it.
The label for OTC drugs should inform users who should or shouldn't ______ it.
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An increasing interest in self-care from the public has contributed to the trend of prescription-to-nonprescription ______.
An increasing interest in self-care from the public has contributed to the trend of prescription-to-nonprescription ______.
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Increased access to almost limitless health information via the Internet and mobile has caused a shift towards informed, empowered ______.
Increased access to almost limitless health information via the Internet and mobile has caused a shift towards informed, empowered ______.
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Self-care products provide individuals with the opportunity to take more ______ for their health.
Self-care products provide individuals with the opportunity to take more ______ for their health.
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Self-medication is a key component of ______ and is defined as the selection and use of medications by individuals.
Self-medication is a key component of ______ and is defined as the selection and use of medications by individuals.
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Self-medication products are those not requiring a medical ______ and are used on the individual's own initiative.
Self-medication products are those not requiring a medical ______ and are used on the individual's own initiative.
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Responsible self-medication can be used to prevent and treat ______ that do not need medical consultation.
Responsible self-medication can be used to prevent and treat ______ that do not need medical consultation.
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For populations living in rural areas, responsible self-medication allows patients to control their own ______.
For populations living in rural areas, responsible self-medication allows patients to control their own ______.
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Three general categories of products for self-medication include nonprescription medications, dietary ______, and complementary medicines.
Three general categories of products for self-medication include nonprescription medications, dietary ______, and complementary medicines.
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Only if the condition fails to respond, persists, or becomes more ______ will the patient need to seek professional medical care.
Only if the condition fails to respond, persists, or becomes more ______ will the patient need to seek professional medical care.
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Pharmacists should ensure that symptoms perceived to be minor are not the result of an undetected, more serious ______.
Pharmacists should ensure that symptoms perceived to be minor are not the result of an undetected, more serious ______.
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The World Health Organization (WHO) describes pharmacists as communicators, drug suppliers, collaborators, and health ______ in self-care and self-medication.
The World Health Organization (WHO) describes pharmacists as communicators, drug suppliers, collaborators, and health ______ in self-care and self-medication.
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As drug suppliers, pharmacists provide access to nonprescription medications and ensure products are from ______ sources.
As drug suppliers, pharmacists provide access to nonprescription medications and ensure products are from ______ sources.
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The process of transferring FDA-approved prescription medications to nonprescription status is known as 'Rx-to-______ switch'.
The process of transferring FDA-approved prescription medications to nonprescription status is known as 'Rx-to-______ switch'.
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Before an ingredient is introduced as an OTC medicine, it typically has been marketed as a prescription ______ first.
Before an ingredient is introduced as an OTC medicine, it typically has been marketed as a prescription ______ first.
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The switch process can also work in ______.
The switch process can also work in ______.
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Pharmacists screen patients in the community to identify those at risk of health ______.
Pharmacists screen patients in the community to identify those at risk of health ______.
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Pharmacists must accurately identify the need for further medical ______ to avoid delays in treatment.
Pharmacists must accurately identify the need for further medical ______ to avoid delays in treatment.
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Utilizing self-care can enhance patients' self-care confidence by improving their skill set and empowering them to care for certain conditions on their own, such that GPs are only visited when __________.
Utilizing self-care can enhance patients' self-care confidence by improving their skill set and empowering them to care for certain conditions on their own, such that GPs are only visited when __________.
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Inappropriate use of nonprescription products can increase morbidity, mortality, and related healthcare __________.
Inappropriate use of nonprescription products can increase morbidity, mortality, and related healthcare __________.
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The increased risk of adverse outcomes secondary to self-medication in vulnerable groups may be related to the presence of multiple disease __________.
The increased risk of adverse outcomes secondary to self-medication in vulnerable groups may be related to the presence of multiple disease __________.
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Pharmacists should ensure patients understand that self-care products are not without safety __________.
Pharmacists should ensure patients understand that self-care products are not without safety __________.
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Incorrect self-diagnosis can lead to inappropriate medication use and increased risk of adverse __________.
Incorrect self-diagnosis can lead to inappropriate medication use and increased risk of adverse __________.
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Falsified products are those where the identity, composition, or __________ is deliberately misrepresented.
Falsified products are those where the identity, composition, or __________ is deliberately misrepresented.
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Increased personal __________ around healthcare has been shown to improve people's health and wellbeing.
Increased personal __________ around healthcare has been shown to improve people's health and wellbeing.
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Canadian industry data shows that if only 16% of Canadians who see the doctor for mild symptoms practiced self-care instead, an additional __________ Canadians could have access to a family doctor.
Canadian industry data shows that if only 16% of Canadians who see the doctor for mild symptoms practiced self-care instead, an additional __________ Canadians could have access to a family doctor.
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The labeling of OTC medicines contains usage and safety information for ______.
The labeling of OTC medicines contains usage and safety information for ______.
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The introduction of the 'Drug Fact' label made information more ______ and easier to read.
The introduction of the 'Drug Fact' label made information more ______ and easier to read.
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Self-medication products should be safe for ______.
Self-medication products should be safe for ______.
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The product's active ingredients must appear in the ______ on OTC drug facts label.
The product's active ingredients must appear in the ______ on OTC drug facts label.
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Regulations regarding packaging are aimed at reducing the risk of accidental drug exposure by ______.
Regulations regarding packaging are aimed at reducing the risk of accidental drug exposure by ______.
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Regulations ensure that drug advertising communicates information that is truthful and not ______.
Regulations ensure that drug advertising communicates information that is truthful and not ______.
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OTC Counseling involves a pharmacist's knowledge of OTC drugs as well as assessing the patient's self-care ______.
OTC Counseling involves a pharmacist's knowledge of OTC drugs as well as assessing the patient's self-care ______.
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Pharmacists are trained to help patients determine when and how to ______ themselves.
Pharmacists are trained to help patients determine when and how to ______ themselves.
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Study Notes
Self-Care Introduction
- Community pharmacists are the most accessible healthcare professionals, providing free and unbiased advice without appointments. Patients often seek advice from them first for minor ailments, allowing for appropriate treatment and referral to specialists for more serious conditions.
Self-Care
- Self-care is a centuries-long practice with varying definitions. The World Self-Medication Industry (WSMI) defines it as a lifelong habit of individuals and families taking actions for health, managing minor ailments and long-term conditions, with input from healthcare professionals.
- Self-care involves individuals taking responsibility for their health, well-being, and treatment, potentially preventing disease, managing conditions and coping with illness without always needing professional help.
Self-Medication
- Self-medication is selecting and using medications, specifically designed and labelled for use without supervision, to treat self-identified illnesses or symptoms. It involves using products approved for safe and effective use without a prescription.
- Self-care medications, often called nonprescription or OTC, are available without a prescription in various retail outlets like supermarkets and gas stations. These come in three types: nonprescription medications, dietary supplements, and complementary and alternative medicines (CAMs).
Minor Ailments
- Minor ailments are defined as common, self-limiting and uncomplicated conditions, easily treatable without medical intervention. These include pain disorders (headaches, musculoskeletal issues), respiratory concerns (coughs, colds), skin conditions (acne), and gastrointestinal issues (indigestion).
Importance of Self-Care
- Self-care plays a crucial role in healthcare by empowering individuals to take responsibility for their health. Increased access to health information and improved education levels contribute to this. Self-medication reduces the strain on healthcare systems by avoiding unnecessary appointments.
Safety Concerns
- Inappropriate use of nonprescription medications can lead to health risks, interactions with prescription drugs, and potential harm to vulnerable populations like the elderly, immunocompromised individuals, infants, and pregnant or lactating women.
- Substandard or falsified products, with incorrect or no active ingredients, are potential risks arising from increased internet and global market access.
OTC Drug Approval Process
- Countries like the U.S. and India have processes for approving products for nonprescription use. Products can gain this status in two ways: initial nonprescription classification, or by transition from prior prescription status. The safety and efficacy of the product are key elements of this process, often requiring demonstrations with animal studies or strong evidence from prior use of similar medications.
OTC Counseling
- Pharmacists play a crucial role in educating patients about the correct use of OTC medications to ensure safety and effectiveness. Proper counselling, emphasizing risks and benefits, can prevent misuse and potential side effects.
Barriers to Patient Counseling
- Patient counseling can be hindered by the pharmacy environment (counter layout, lack of private space), pharmacists' behaviors (poor communication), and patients' characteristics (language difficulties, literacy issues, cultural differences). Overcoming the barriers requires active listening, clear communication, and awareness of nonverbal cues.
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Description
This quiz introduces the concepts of self-care and self-medication, highlighting the role of community pharmacists as accessible healthcare professionals. It discusses the historical context of self-care and the importance of individuals managing their health and minor ailments effectively with or without professional guidance.
