Podcast
Questions and Answers
Community pharmacists are the most accessible ______ professionals.
Community pharmacists are the most accessible ______ professionals.
healthcare
Self-care has been common practice among centuries of human ______.
Self-care has been common practice among centuries of human ______.
history
The World Self-Medication Industry defines self-care as a life-long ______ and culture.
The World Self-Medication Industry defines self-care as a life-long ______ and culture.
habit
Self-care is characterized by individuals who take ______ roles for themselves.
Self-care is characterized by individuals who take ______ roles for themselves.
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Promotion of self-care empowers individuals, families, and ______ for informed health decision-making.
Promotion of self-care empowers individuals, families, and ______ for informed health decision-making.
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Two main trends contributing to the expanding self-care market are growing ______ and increased healthcare costs.
Two main trends contributing to the expanding self-care market are growing ______ and increased healthcare costs.
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Self-care allows individuals to cope with illness and ______ with or without professional support.
Self-care allows individuals to cope with illness and ______ with or without professional support.
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The World Health Organization defines self-care as the ability to promote health, prevent disease, and maintain ______.
The World Health Organization defines self-care as the ability to promote health, prevent disease, and maintain ______.
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Medicines available to the public are approved by regulatory agencies as being safe and effective for people to select and use without the need for medical ______.
Medicines available to the public are approved by regulatory agencies as being safe and effective for people to select and use without the need for medical ______.
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Minor ailments are defined as 'common or self-limiting or uncomplicated conditions which can be diagnosed and managed without medical ______.'
Minor ailments are defined as 'common or self-limiting or uncomplicated conditions which can be diagnosed and managed without medical ______.'
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The most prevalent problems can be categorized into four therapeutic areas, one of which is ______ disorders, such as headaches.
The most prevalent problems can be categorized into four therapeutic areas, one of which is ______ disorders, such as headaches.
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OTC drug products are medicines designed for use without a prescriber's ______ and supervision.
OTC drug products are medicines designed for use without a prescriber's ______ and supervision.
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OTC drugs are regulated by the same agencies that regulate ______ medicines.
OTC drugs are regulated by the same agencies that regulate ______ medicines.
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Self-care products offer symptom relief and disease prevention while providing ______ and affordability to patients.
Self-care products offer symptom relief and disease prevention while providing ______ and affordability to patients.
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The added convenience of OTC medicines is the primary reason why consumers prefer these products to prescription ______ for common health conditions.
The added convenience of OTC medicines is the primary reason why consumers prefer these products to prescription ______ for common health conditions.
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The accessibility of OTC medications eliminates the stress and inconvenience of GP visits, saving time and ______.
The accessibility of OTC medications eliminates the stress and inconvenience of GP visits, saving time and ______.
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The presence of a high counter prevents easy ______ contact.
The presence of a high counter prevents easy ______ contact.
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Pharmacy design affects how patients view ______ efforts.
Pharmacy design affects how patients view ______ efforts.
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Functional barriers hinder the patient's ability to understand ______ being communicated.
Functional barriers hinder the patient's ability to understand ______ being communicated.
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Pharmacists should use clear, unambiguous language appropriate to the patient's ______.
Pharmacists should use clear, unambiguous language appropriate to the patient's ______.
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Being an active listener helps pharmacists recognize the ______ of their patients.
Being an active listener helps pharmacists recognize the ______ of their patients.
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The underlying goals of regulating nonprescription drugs are to ensure quality, safety, efficacy, improve public health, and encourage ______ in the nonprescription sector.
The underlying goals of regulating nonprescription drugs are to ensure quality, safety, efficacy, improve public health, and encourage ______ in the nonprescription sector.
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In the US, nonprescription products are governed by the Food and Drug ______.
In the US, nonprescription products are governed by the Food and Drug ______.
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Products can obtain nonprescription status by being classified as nonprescription with initial market ______.
Products can obtain nonprescription status by being classified as nonprescription with initial market ______.
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Initial evidence of safety and efficacy for novel drugs comes primarily from ______ studies.
Initial evidence of safety and efficacy for novel drugs comes primarily from ______ studies.
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Prescription-to-nonprescription ______ are the most common means by which products obtain nonprescription status.
Prescription-to-nonprescription ______ are the most common means by which products obtain nonprescription status.
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Most countries require that information necessary for correct and unsupervised use of nonprescription drugs be included on the product ______.
Most countries require that information necessary for correct and unsupervised use of nonprescription drugs be included on the product ______.
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Regulations require that labeling information be provided in easily understandable and ______ language.
Regulations require that labeling information be provided in easily understandable and ______ language.
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The OTC 'Drug Facts' label tells what the medicine is supposed to do, who ______ or shouldn't take it, and how to use it.
The OTC 'Drug Facts' label tells what the medicine is supposed to do, who ______ or shouldn't take it, and how to use it.
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Substandard and falsified products are often compounded in ______ conditions.
Substandard and falsified products are often compounded in ______ conditions.
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The growing risk of substandard medications may be related to increased ______ connectivity.
The growing risk of substandard medications may be related to increased ______ connectivity.
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Nonprescription drug use includes using these products for reasons other than those ______.
Nonprescription drug use includes using these products for reasons other than those ______.
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Rates of nonprescription drug abuse have ______ over time.
Rates of nonprescription drug abuse have ______ over time.
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In the US, dextromethorphan abuse increased 15-fold among ______ aged 9-17.
In the US, dextromethorphan abuse increased 15-fold among ______ aged 9-17.
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To access prescription drugs, physicians must diagnose a ______ before providing prescriptions.
To access prescription drugs, physicians must diagnose a ______ before providing prescriptions.
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BTC drugs are dispensed under ______' supervision.
BTC drugs are dispensed under ______' supervision.
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In Canada, non-prescription drugs include schedule 2, schedule 3, and ______ drugs.
In Canada, non-prescription drugs include schedule 2, schedule 3, and ______ drugs.
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Any self-medication product should be ______ for use.
Any self-medication product should be ______ for use.
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The product's active ingredients, including the amount in each ______ unit.
The product's active ingredients, including the amount in each ______ unit.
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Regulations are aimed at reducing the risk of accidental drug exposure by ______.
Regulations are aimed at reducing the risk of accidental drug exposure by ______.
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Regulations ensure that information communicated to consumers is ______ and not misleading.
Regulations ensure that information communicated to consumers is ______ and not misleading.
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Pharmacists have a full working knowledge of OTC drugs and assess the patient's self-care ______.
Pharmacists have a full working knowledge of OTC drugs and assess the patient's self-care ______.
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The involvement of pharmacists in counseling increases the public's ability to understand the ______ and benefits of OTC remedies.
The involvement of pharmacists in counseling increases the public's ability to understand the ______ and benefits of OTC remedies.
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Questions or comments section may include contact ______ available to consumers.
Questions or comments section may include contact ______ available to consumers.
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Self-medication drugs are known to interact with many prescription-only drugs, alcohol, and ______.
Self-medication drugs are known to interact with many prescription-only drugs, alcohol, and ______.
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Study Notes
Self-Care Introduction
- Community pharmacists are the most accessible healthcare professionals, providing free, unbiased advice to patients.
- They act as a filter for minor ailments by providing appropriate first-line medication and referring patients with more complex conditions for appropriate care.
Self-Care: History and Evolving Definition
- Self-care has been practised for centuries, with no single, universal definition.
- The World Self-Medication Industry (WSMI) defines self-care as a lifelong habit for managing health concerns, often with assistance from healthcare professionals.
- Self-care involves taking actions for oneself and family to maintain health and well-being, encompassing minor and long-term conditions.
Self-Care: Definition and Concept
- Self-care is the independent act of managing illness without seeking professional advice.
- Self-care emphasizes individual responsibility for health.
- The World Health Organization defines self-care as the ability of individuals, families, and communities to promote health, prevent disease, maintain health, cope with illness and disability either with or without a healthcare provider.
Self-Care: Key Characteristics
- Self-care involves individuals taking proactive steps to improve and protect their physical and mental health for themselves and others.
- It empowers individuals, families, and communities to make informed health decisions.
- Promoting self-care improves health system efficiency and contributes to health equity.
Impetus for Continued Growth
- Growing consumerism and increasing healthcare costs are crucial drivers of the self-care market.
- Increased social and health trends have altered people's perceptions of their own health, leading to a greater demand for self-care options.
- Improved access to health information and digital tools has resulted in more empowered consumers who wish to play an active role in healthcare.
Self-Medication
- Self-medication is the selection and use of medications to treat recognized illnesses or symptoms without medical supervision.
- These medications are typically legally classified as drugs, designed for self-treatment.
- Nonprescription or over-the-counter (OTC) medications are available for self-selection without a prescription.
Categories of Self-Medication Products
- Nonprescription medications are one category of self-medication products.
- Dietary supplements and complementary and alternative medicines (CAMs) are also available for self-medication.
Responsible Self-Medication
- Responsible self-medication can help reduce pressure on medical services and support rural/remote communities.
- It allows patients to address minor conditions without delays.
- Only if symptoms worsen or persist should patients consult a medical professional.
Minor Ailments
- Common ailments, such as headaches, musculoskeletal pain, respiratory issues, skin problems, and gastrointestinal disturbances, are considered minor ailments.
- Individuals commonly treat these minor ailments independently.
Nonprescription Medication Considerations
- Safe and appropriate use of nonprescription products is crucial to minimize risks and prevent increased morbidity, mortality, and healthcare costs.
- Use of these products may cause interactions with existing prescription medication, especially in vulnerable populations including older adults.
- Other vulnerable populations also include pregnant women, infants, and children.
Safety Concerns Related To Nonprescription Drugs
- Incorrect self-diagnosis
- Drug-drug interactions
- Increased potential for adverse events
- Availability of substandard or falsified products
Drug Classification System
- Drugs are broadly categorized as prescription or nonprescription.
- Nonprescription drugs are commonly called over-the-counter (OTC).
Access to Prescription Drugs
- To access prescription drugs, a physician diagnosis is needed and there are procedures (e.g. scheduling, prescription categories like Schedule 1, 2, 3 in different countries) associated with prescriptions
Open-Shelf (OPS) and General Sale List Drugs (GSL)
- Open-shelf drugs are deemed safe for self-medication but are typically distributed only in healthcare settings and not via non-pharmacy retailers.
- General Sale List Drugs are safe for self-medication and can be sold at non-pharmacy retailers and online.
Vaginal Contraceptives and Emergency Contraceptives
- Pharmacists play a critical role in managing self-care and minor ailments for patients and ensuring the safety of self-medication.
Potential Barriers to Patient Counseling
- Pharmacy environment can affect patient perceptions (e.g., high counters), hindering engagement.
- Pharmacist behaviors can affect patient compliance, including use of non-verbal cues.
- Patient barriers can arise from issues such as sensory impairments, language barriers, literacy levels, alternative health beliefs, and cultural influences.
Overcoming Barriers
- Active listening, clear communication, understanding patient needs and concerns, actively asking for feedback, and utilizing nonverbal cues can promote effective counseling.
OTC Counseling
- Pharmacists play a key role in OTC counseling to address concerns and risks, and ensure appropriate use.
- Counselors should aid in understanding risks and benefits of treatment.
Adverse Drug Reactions and Reporting
- Several countries have systems for reporting adverse reactions to self-medication products for ongoing monitoring of safety.
Labeling, Packaging, and Advertising
- Regulations for labeling, packaging, and advertising for nonprescription drugs exist to ensure clear and consistent communication of product information.
Product Information Requirements
- Accurate and complete information on active ingredients, product purpose, warnings, instructions, inactive ingredients, and storage information are needed on OTC product labels.
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Description
This quiz explores the concepts of self-care and the role of community pharmacists in promoting health. It emphasizes the importance of individual responsibility in health management and the trends shaping the self-care market. Test your knowledge on these critical aspects of healthcare.
