Selective Toxicity of Antimicrobial Drugs
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following factors is NOT mentioned as influencing drug choice when susceptibility data is absent?

  • Patient's diet (correct)
  • Previous infections
  • Immune status
  • Recent antimicrobial therapy

    • What is the most likely causative organism for gram-positive cocci in the spinal fluid of a newborn infant?

  • Streptococcus pneumoniae
  • Enterococcus faecalis
  • Staphylococcus aureus
  • Streptococcus agalactiae (correct)

    • What is the key difference between bacteriostatic and bactericidal drugs as described in the text?

  • Bacteriostatic drugs stop the growth of bacteria, while bactericidal drugs kill bacteria. (correct)
  • Bacteriostatic drugs require a weaker dose compared to bactericidal drugs.
  • Bacteriostatic drugs are more effective against gram-positive bacteria, while bactericidal drugs are more effective against gram-negative bacteria.
  • Bacteriostatic drugs are only effective against certain strains of bacteria, while bactericidal drugs are effective against a wider range of bacteria.

    • What is the key difference between minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) as described in the text?

    <p>MIC is the lowest concentration that prevents visible growth, while MBC is the lowest concentration that results in a 99.9% decline in colony count.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about gram-positive cocci in the spinal fluid of a 40-year-old patient is correct?

    <p>They are most likely to be Streptococcus pneumoniae, which is frequently resistant to penicillin G.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are bactericidal drugs often the drugs of choice in seriously ill and immunocompromised patients according to the text?

    <p>Bactericidal drugs have a more aggressive antimicrobial action, which is beneficial for seriously ill and immunocompromised patients.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason antimicrobial drugs are effective in treating infections?

    <p>Their selective toxicity, which allows them to target the microorganism while being tolerated by the host</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a factor considered when selecting an appropriate antimicrobial agent?

    <p>The color of the patient's skin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of empiric therapy in the treatment of infections?

    <p>To provide immediate treatment before the infecting organism is identified</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which techniques are commonly used to identify the infecting organism?

    <p>Direct microscopic visualization and cultivation/identification</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary advantage of identifying the infecting organism before initiating antimicrobial therapy?

    <p>It allows for the selection of the most effective antimicrobial agent</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement best describes the concept of selective toxicity in antimicrobial drugs?

    <p>The drug is more toxic to the microorganism than to the host, within a certain concentration range</p> Signup and view all the answers

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