Ch.14 Antimicrobial Drugs: History of Chemotherapy Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is the term used to describe the ability of a drug to selectively target and destroy pathogens without harming the host?

  • Antimicrobial activity
  • Antibiosis
  • Selective toxicity (correct)
  • Chemotherapy

What is the name of the mold that was identified as the source of penicillin?

  • Aspergillus fungus
  • Staphylococcus aureus
  • Penicillium notatum (correct)
  • Moldy Mary

What is the term used to describe a substance produced by microorganisms that inhibits the growth of other microorganisms?

  • Antiviral
  • Antifungal
  • Antimicrobial
  • Antibiotic (correct)

What is the primary difference between antibiotics and antimicrobial drugs?

<p>Antibiotics are produced by microorganisms, while antimicrobial drugs are synthetic. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe the use of chemicals to treat a disease?

<p>Chemotherapy (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what year did the first clinical trials of penicillin take place?

<p>1940 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mode of action of bacteriostatic antibiotics?

<p>They inhibit bacterial growth (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of antibiotics is effective against a broad range of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria?

<p>Broad-spectrum antibiotics (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism of action of penicillin antibiotics?

<p>They interfere with cell wall synthesis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference between natural penicillins and semisynthetic penicillins?

<p>The former are susceptible to penicillinases, while the latter are resistant (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of adding β-lactamase inhibitors to penicillin antibiotics?

<p>To overcome resistance to penicillinases (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the overgrowth of normal microbiota that is resistant to antibiotics?

<p>Superinfection (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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