Questions and Answers
What is directional selection?
What does disruptive selection do?
What is stabilizing selection?
It removes extreme variants and preserves intermediate types.
Define natural selection.
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What is artificial selection?
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If mating results in viable, fertile offspring, then the organisms belong to the same species.
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If mating results in viable, but infertile offspring, then the organisms are the same species.
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If mating results in weak offspring that does not live to reproduce, then the organisms are not the same species.
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If organisms live in separate geographical areas and mating is not possible, then they are not the same species.
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If organisms do not have compatible reproductive organs, then mating is possible.
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If organisms feed from different sources, they are not likely to mate.
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Study Notes
Selection Types
- Directional Selection: Favors one extreme phenotype, leading to a shift in the population's overall makeup.
- Disruptive Selection: Encourages variants at both extremes of a trait, potentially leading to speciation.
- Stabilizing Selection: Eliminates extreme phenotypes, preserving intermediate forms that are better suited for the current environment.
Natural and Artificial Selection
- Natural Selection: Enhances fitness of individuals, promoting survival and reproduction based on advantageous traits.
- Artificial Selection: Human-influenced breeding practices aimed at cultivating specific desirable traits in plants and animals.
Species Definition Through Reproductive Success
- Same Species Indicators: Mating leads to viable and fertile offspring, confirming that organisms are the same species.
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Different Species Indicators:
- Mating results in viable but infertile offspring, suggesting organisms are not the same species.
- Mating produces weak offspring that do not survive to reproduce, indicating distinct species.
- Geographical separation prevents mating, asserting that organisms are not the same species.
- Incompatible reproductive organs inhibit mating, confirming species distinction.
- Different feeding habits reduce mating likelihood, further supporting the classification of separate species.
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Description
Explore key concepts of natural selection with these flashcards. Learn the differences between directional, disruptive, and stabilizing selection, along with the fundamentals of natural selection. Perfect for students studying evolution and speciation.
