Selection and Sowing of Seeds
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Selection and Sowing of Seeds

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of levelling in agriculture?

  • To compact the soil for planting
  • To prevent soil erosion (correct)
  • To enhance weed growth
  • To distribute fertilizers unevenly

    • Which implement is primarily used for breaking soil into smaller pieces for better crop yield?

  • Cultivator
  • Leveller
  • Plough (correct)
  • Hoe

    • What part of the plough is responsible for penetrating the soil?

  • Ploughshaft
  • Handle
  • Beam
  • Ploughshare (correct)

    • Which agricultural implement is primarily used for removing weeds?

    <p>Hoe</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the use of a cultivator benefit farming practices?

    <p>It saves time and labor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which characteristic is essential for seeds to be suitable for sowing?

    <p>They must be free from any infection.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is likely to happen if seeds are overcrowded during sowing?

    <p>Shortage of air, nutrients, and water.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which method is NOT recommended for testing seed quality?

    <p>Weighing each seed individually.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the importance of sowing seeds at a reasonable depth?

    <p>To protect against bird attacks.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following should be ensured while sowing seeds?

    <p>Adequate spacing between seeds.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary disadvantage of broadcasting seeds?

    <p>It lacks uniformity in seed placement.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which method of sowing involves planting seeds directly into holes made in the ground?

    <p>Drill sowing and dibbling</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one main advantage of transplanting seedlings?

    <p>Allows for better selection of healthy seedlings.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following methods includes the use of a bamboo tube for seed sowing?

    <p>Seed Drill</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is manure added to the soil during crop cultivation?

    <p>To replenish nutrients depleted by continuous cropping.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term monocropping refer to in agriculture?

    <p>Growing the same crop on the same field year after year</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is classified as a rabi crop?

    <p>Wheat</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary focus of horticulture?

    <p>Cultivating vegetables, fruits, flowers, and ornamental plants</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following correctly defines a farm?

    <p>A plot of land completely devoted to agricultural processes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which crop is an example of an oil crop?

    <p>Sunflower</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement accurately describes kharif crops?

    <p>Sown in the rainy season and harvested by October</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following terms represents plants of the same type cultivated in large quantities?

    <p>Crops</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the meaning of the Latin word 'cultura' as it relates to agriculture?

    <p>To cultivate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary benefit of soil preparation in agriculture?

    <p>It helps to loosen the soil for better absorption of water and air.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following practices involves applying weedicides?

    <p>Weeding and crop protection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of ploughing in agriculture?

    <p>To loosen and turn the topsoil for better cultivation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following equipment is NOT used for harvesting?

    <p>Drip system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the outcomes of loosening the soil through ploughing?

    <p>Enhanced growth of earthworms and microbes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of manuring in crop production?

    <p>To improve the texture and water retention of soil.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of manure?

    <p>It is rich in plant nutrients.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does excessive use of fertilizers impact the environment?

    <p>It leads to soil and water pollution.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what way do fertilizers differ from manure?

    <p>Fertilizers are costlier than manure.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What method involves leaving land free for one or more seasons to regain nutrients?

    <p>Field fallow</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which practice involves growing two or more crops simultaneously?

    <p>Mixed cropping</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a benefit of adding manure to the soil?

    <p>It adds humus to the soil.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why should the use of fertilizers be minimized?

    <p>They can lead to soil and water pollution.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Selection and Sowing of Seeds

    • Healthy, high-quality seeds are essential for good crop yields.
    • Ideal seeds should be free from dampness, infection, and pests; properly stored in strong bags; and not mixed with weed seeds or contaminants.
    • For quality testing, seeds that sink in water are suitable for sowing, while floating seeds are unsuitable.
    • Sowing involves spreading seeds in soil for germination, requiring proper spacing, row alignment, and reasonable planting depth to prevent nutrient competition and predation.
    • Seeds must be sown in the correct season, and soil should have adequate moisture and preparation.

    Agriculture

    • Derived from Latin "ager" (field) and "cultura" (to cultivate), agriculture includes growing plants and raising animals for human consumption and market distribution.
    • Specialized farms include dairy, pig, poultry, orchards, and ranches.
    • Monocropping refers to growing the same crop repeatedly in the same field.
    • Classification of crops based on type:
      • Cereals: Rice
      • Pulses: Chickpea
      • Oil Crops: Sunflower
      • Fibre Crops: Cotton

    Horticulture

    • The term derives from Latin "Hortus" (garden) and "cultura" (cultivation), focusing on the production of vegetables, fruits, flowers, and ornamental plants.

    Crop Seasons in India

    • Kharif crops: Sown in the rainy season (June-October) and include paddy, pigeon pea, maize, cotton, soybean, and groundnut.
    • Rabi crops: Sown in the winter (October-April) and include wheat, gram, peas, mustard, linseed, oilseed, and barley.

    Leveling

    • Leveling is crucial to ensure uniform distribution of water and manure, prevent moisture loss, and facilitate sowing by crushing soil lumps.
    • Tools used in leveling can be driven by machines or animals.

    Agricultural Implements

    • Essential implements for soil preparation include:
      • Plough: Used for tilling, removing weeds, and turning soil.
      • Hoe: Removes weeds and loosens soil with a broad iron blade.
      • Cultivator: Quickly loosens and turns soil, saving time and labor.

    Methods of Sowing Seeds

    • Broadcasting: Seeds manually spread without uniformity.
    • Drill sowing and dibbling: Seeds placed in holes for better depth and spacing.
    • Seed Drill: Mechanically distributes seeds at equal distances and depths.
    • Transplanting: Start seedlings in nurseries before transferring healthy ones into fields.
    • Advantages of transplanting include better seedling selection, deeper root penetration, and optimal spacing for growth.

    Manuring or Adding Fertilizer

    • To replenish soil nutrients depleted by continuous cropping, manure (organic) and fertilizers (chemical) are added.
    • Manure: Derived from decomposed organic matter, enhances soil texture and microbial activity.
    • Fertilizers: Chemical compounds rich in specific nutrients, can lead to soil and water pollution if overused.

    Agricultural Practices

    • Essential agricultural practices include soil preparation, sowing, manuring, irrigation, weeding, harvesting, threshing, winnowing, and storage.
    • Soil Preparation: Involves ploughing and leveling.
    • Weeding and Crop Protection: Removal of weeds and prevention of crop damage.
    • Harvesting: Various methods, including manual and mechanical.
    • Storage: Techniques to maintain crop quality, such as silos and granaries.

    Differences Between Manure and Fertilizer

    • Manure is natural and organic, while fertilizers are synthetic and manufactured.
    • Manure is less nutrient-specific compared to fertilizers which target specific nutrient needs.
    • Manure improves soil structure; fertilizers do not contribute organic matter.

    Natural Methods to Maintain Soil Fertility

    • Field fallow: Leaving land uncultivated for nutrient regeneration through decomposition.
    • Mixed cropping: Growing multiple crops simultaneously to enhance each other's growth through mutual benefits from shared resources.

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    Description

    This quiz covers the essentials of seed selection and sowing practices for farmers. Learn about the importance of good quality seeds, how to identify healthy seeds, and the proper storage methods to prevent contamination. Improve your farming techniques with this informative quiz.

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