Sejarah Malaysia: Dari Pra-Merdeka hingga Kini

Pre-Independence (1400-1957)

• Malay Sultanates (1400-1511):
  • Malacca Sultanate (1400-1511): a powerful and influential empire that controlled the Strait of Malacca
  • Islamization of Malay states
• Portuguese Colonization (1511-1641):
  • Capture of Malacca by the Portuguese in 1511
  • Introduction of Christianity and European culture
• Dutch Colonization (1641-1815):
  • Dutch East India Company (VOC) established trade posts in Malaysia
  • Introduction of Western education and technology
• British Colonization (1815-1957):
  • British East India Company established control over the Malay states
  • Introduction of the British system of government, education, and economy

Independence (1957-1970)

• Malayan Independence (1957):
  • Declaration of Independence by Tunku Abdul Rahman on August 31, 1957
  • Formation of the Federation of Malaya
• Malaysia Formation (1963):
  • Merger of the Federation of Malaya with Singapore, North Borneo, and Sarawak to form Malaysia
  • Singapore's separation from Malaysia in 1965

Modern Malaysia (1970-present)

• Economic Development:
  • New Economic Policy (NEP) introduced in 1970 to address economic disparities
  • Rapid industrialization and modernization
• Political Developments:
  • Dominance of the Barisan Nasional (BN) coalition
  • Introduction of the National Vision Policy (1991) and the National Development Policy (1990)
• Social and Cultural Changes:
  • Promotion of national identity and unity
  • Emphasis on education and human capital development

Note: These notes provide a brief overview of the major events and periods in Malaysian history.