Seed Plants: Gymnosperms & Angiosperms Adaptations
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Questions and Answers

Which group of plants has flagellated sperm and female sporophylls instead of cones?

  • Angiosperms
  • Ginkgophyta
  • Gnetophyta (correct)
  • Cycadophyta

    • What is the key innovation that differentiates Angiosperms from Gymnosperms?

  • Flagellated sperm
  • Needle-like leaves
  • Flowers & fruits (correct)
  • Fronds radiating from the central stem

    • Which type of plant is known for its herbal medicine Ephedrine and non-motile sperm?

  • Ginkgophyta
  • Cycadophyta
  • Gnetophyta (correct)
  • Angiosperms

    • What is the unique feature of Ginkgophyta's leaf?

    <p>Fan-shaped leaf &amp; veins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which plant group involves beetles in pollination and has fern-like or palm-like fronds?

    <p>Cycadophyta</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which plant part holds up the pollen-producing sac in a flower?

    <p>Filament</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the stigma in a flower's carpel?

    <p>Receiving pollen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the flower leads from the stigma to the ovary?

    <p>Style</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In angiosperms, what is the product of double fertilization?

    <p>Endosperm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the generative cell in pollen grains?

    <p>Forming zygote</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to only one of the four megaspores produced during meiosis in an ovule?

    <p>Becomes egg</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the female gametophyte in angiosperms gives rise to the egg and synergids?

    <p>Center cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the flower matures into a fruit?

    <p>Ovary</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of a fruit?

    <p>Enhancing seed dispersal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which two major groups of angiosperms are mentioned in the text?

    <p>Monocots and Dicots</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characteristic makes Eudicots different from Monocots in terms of woody tissues?

    <p>Eudicots can be herbaceous or produce woody tissues</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In terms of plant-derived medicines, what percentage of prescription drugs in the United States contain an active ingredient from plants?

    <p>Approximately 25%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Apart from food and beverages, what other important products do plants provide?

    <p>Fuels, fiber, and secondary compounds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are seeds considered an evolutionary adaptation to dry land in plants?

    <p>Seeds provide protection, nourishment, and a means of dispersal for the embryo.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main significance of reduced and retained gametophytes in seed plants?

    <p>They protect male and female gametophytes from drying and UV radiation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which reproductive adaptation allows seed plants to reproduce without the need for water?

    <p>Pollen grains surrounded by sporopollenin in the pollen wall.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary method of pollination in gymnosperms?

    <p>Pollination by wind carrying pollen grains to female ovules.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which phylum includes conifers as the most diverse group of gymnosperms?

    <p>Coniferophyta</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe the male and female reproductive structures forming in cones or strobili in gymnosperms?

    <p>'Dioecious'</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which feature characterizes gymnosperms as having 'naked' seeds?

    <p>Present seeds that are partially exposed on modified leaves (sporophylls).</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which evolutionary characteristic allows pollen grains to be tough, resistant, and capable of long dispersal?

    <p>'Sporopollenin in the pollen wall'</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are seed plants considered heterosporous?

    <p>'Heterosporous' allows seed plants to have male microspores and female megaspores.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the key ability of female gametophytes in seed plants, related to the production of eggs?

    <p>'Production of eggs for eventual fertilization'</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of the central cell in the female gametophyte of angiosperms?

    <p>Producing the endosperm through double fertilization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of the generative cell in pollen grains of angiosperms?

    <p>Dividing to form the tube cell and the sperm cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the fate of the small megaspores produced during meiosis in an ovule of an angiosperm?

    <p>Degenerate and do not contribute to seed formation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the carpel directly facilitates pollen reception and germination in angiosperms?

    <p>Stigma</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the key role of the male sporocytes in angiosperms during reproduction?

    <p>Directly produce pollen grains through meiosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes the tube cell from the generative cell within a pollen grain in angiosperms?

    <p>Generative cell produces two sperm cells while the tube cell aids in pollen tube growth</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the unique feature of Gnetophyta among gymnosperms?

    <p>Being the only gymnosperms without male strobili</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the key distinguishing feature of Angiosperms in terms of reproductive structures?

    <p>Specialized structure for sexual reproduction - flowers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which gymnosperm group has a solitary extant tree known as Ginkgo biloba?

    <p>Ginkgophyta</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary method of pollination in Cycads within the gymnosperm group?

    <p>Insect pollination through beetles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main reproductive adaptation found in Gnetophyta that distinguishes it from other gymnosperms?

    <p>Non-motile sperm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which feature characterizes Ephedra in the plant kingdom?

    <p>Herbal medicine use (Ephedrine)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of fruit in plants?

    <p>Enhancing seed dispersal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which group includes palms, lilies, and grasses among its members?

    <p>Monocots</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characteristic makes Eudicots different from Monocots in terms of woody tissues?

    <p>Tough walled xylem cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most distinguishing feature between Basal Angiosperms and Eudicots?

    <p>Evolutionary origin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are seeds considered an evolutionary adaptation to dry land in plants?

    <p>To protect the embryo from harsh conditions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which plant part is mainly responsible for the production of secondary compounds like drugs, perfumes, and rubber?

    <p>Stems</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do seeds in seed plants contribute to the dispersal of the next generation?

    <p>By protecting the embryo and offering nourishment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of the pollen tube in seed plants?

    <p>To discharge sperm into the female gametophyte</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are gymnosperms referred to as 'naked seed' plants?

    <p>Because their seeds are unprotected and not enclosed within a fruit</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In seed plants, what is the function of sporopollenin in the pollen wall?

    <p>To protect pollen grains from UV radiation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What differentiates angiosperms from gymnosperms in terms of reproduction?

    <p>Formation of fruits after fertilization in angiosperms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characterizes seed plants as heterosporous?

    <p>Production of both megaspores and microspores by the same plant</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary method of pollination in gymnosperms?

    <p>By wind carrying pollen to female ovulate cones</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the dominant generation in the life cycle of seed plants?

    <p>Sporophyte</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do gymnosperms differ from angiosperms in terms of seed protection?

    <p>Gymnosperms have seeds that are partially sheltered by sporophylls.</p> Signup and view all the answers

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