Seed Development and Provisioning Quiz

Development and Provisioning of Seeds

• Seeds are formed through the process of arrested development, which is essential for their development.
• Male gametophytes develop inside the sporophyte plant and are dispersed in a dormant state until they reach a female gametophyte for fertilization.
• After fertilization, the zygote quickly develops into an embryo with root/shoot axis, apical meristems, and cotyledons.
• The development of the embryo in seeds ceases, with no cell division or differentiation, but metabolic rate drops and tolerance to extreme conditions increases.
• Seeds are provisioned with nutrients that supply energy for cellular respiration and materials for plant cell construction.
• Materials can be stored in the female gametophyte, the embryo's cotyledons, or the endosperm tissue found in angiosperms.
• Nutrients in seeds are supplied by the parent plant via phloem tissue, which is connected to each seed through vascular traces.
• Seeds are packaged with an embryo and stored food inside a seed coat, which develops from the integuments of the parent plant's sporophyte tissues.
• The development of a seed involves the development of the zygote into an embryo, the transformation of the ovule's sporophyte tissues into a seed coat, and the development of nutritive tissue.
• The nutritive tissue in seeds proliferates and expands to supply materials to the seed after dispersal.
• The development of seeds is crucial for the survival and growth of plants, as it allows them to produce structures that can obtain matter and energy on their own.
• The specific provisioning and packaging of seeds vary between different plant species.