34 Questions
Which of the following is a characteristic of 'Chromalveolate' plastids?
Stacked thylakoids
Which type of algae is known to have 'Chromalveolate' plastids?
Haptophytes
What is a common feature of haptophytes?
Small flagellates
How do secondary plastids differ from primary plastids?
Possessing chlorophyll c
What are the functions of the Haptonema?
Sensory, Attachment, Feeding in all mixotrophs
What is the main composition of Coccoliths?
Calcium carbonate scales
How is calcium carbonate deposited in Coccolith Formation?
On an organic scale base within an endomembrane vesicle
What is a unique feature of Stramenopiles' flagella?
'Reverses' effect of 'flagellar beat'
Which category does Diatoms (Bacillariophyta) fall into?
Unicellular protists
What is the characteristic construction of a Diatom Frustule?
Extracellular 'box with lid' construction
Which part of a Diatom Frustule undergoes cell division to become an epitheca in a daughter cell?
Parental epitheca
What is the predominant ploidy in the life cycle of Centric Diatoms?
Diploid dominant
Which of the following groups of Alveolates are mostly 'free-living' protozoa?
Ciliophora
What type of plastids do many/most Dinoflagellates possess?
'Chromalveolate' plastids
Which group of Alveolates are known to be major parasites of animals causing diseases like malaria and toxoplasmosis?
Apicomplexa
What are the three main cell types involved in the apicomplexan lifecycle?
Sporozoites, merozoites, gametes
What is a unique aspect of the Apicomplexan lifecycle compared to other life cycles?
It involves multiple fission in reproduction
Which structure under the cell membrane of Alveolates consists of flattened vesicles?
Cortical alveoli
What type of lifecycle is exemplified by the Apicomplexans?
Haploid-dominant lifecycle
What is a characteristic feature of Ciliophora (Ciliates)?
Presence of pellicle
What is a common misconception about Ciliophora?
They are photosynthetic
Which part of the Ciliate cell is associated with phagocytosis?
Gullet
What distinguishes Ciliophora from other 'protozoan' groups?
Use of cilia for locomotion
Which organelle is responsible for maintaining osmotic balance in Ciliophora?
Contractile vacuole
Which part of the Foraminiferan cell is usually made of calcium carbonate?
Pseudopodia
What is the main function of the macro nucleus in Ciliates during conjugation?
Degenerates
In Slime Moulds, what structure represents the spores responsible for dispersal?
Fruiting bodies
Which organelle supports Amoeboza's pseudopodia with microtubules for organelle transport?
Endoplasmic Reticulum
What distinguishes Choanoflagellates among the mentioned groups in the text?
Heterotrophic nutrition
What is the defining feature of Choanoflagellates?
Ring of actin-supported microvilli around the flagellum
What is the primary source of energy for Cyanobacteria in the ocean?
Photosynthesis
Who are the main predators of prokaryotes in the ocean, according to the text?
Protists, especially heterotrophic flagellates
What role do viruses (phage) typically play in the ocean ecosystem?
A significant cause of prokaryote mortality (10-40%)
What is the main function of the collar surrounding the flagellum in Choanoflagellates?
Capturing food particles
Test your knowledge on secondary endosymbiosis where a primary alga becomes an organelle in another eukaryote, resulting in a 'secondary alga' with complex plastids. Explore chromalveolate plastids with red algae origins, 3-4 membranes, chlorophyll c, accessory pigments, and stacked thylakoids. Identify algae with chromalveolate plastids like haptophytes and strameonopile algae.
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