Seconda Rivoluzione Industriale (1870-1914)

Seconda Rivoluzione Industriale (1870-1914)

• Contesto storico: The period spanned the late 19th century and early 20th century. Key countries were the United States, Germany, Japan, and the United Kingdom. A key characteristic was the development of new technologies and the utilization of new energy sources.

Nuove Fonti di Energia

• Elettricità: Enabled new inventions, such as Edison's light bulb and electric motors.
• Petrolio: Used in internal combustion engines, like automobiles.
• Gas Naturale e Nuovi Carburanti: Also used as energy sources.

Nuovi Settori Industriali

• Chimica: Production of dyes, fertilizers, plastics, and pharmaceuticals.
• Acciaio: More resilient than iron, crucial for railways, construction (bridges, skyscrapers).
• Meccanica: Development of automobiles (e.g., Henry Ford's assembly line).
• Elettronica: Inventions including light bulbs, telephones (Bell), telegraphs, and radios (Marconi).

Innovazioni Tecnologiche

• Catena di Montaggio: Introduced mass production, lowered costs, and increased output (Henry Ford).
• Motori a Combustione Interna: Crucial for automobiles, aircraft, and ships.
• Telecomunicazioni: Significant advancements in communication.

Conseguenze Economiche e Sociali

• Espansione del Capitalismo: Rise of large corporations and monopolies (e.g., Rockefeller).
• Urbanizzazione: Rapid population growth in cities due to factory jobs.
• Miglioramenti nei Trasporti: Improvements in automobiles, trains, and steamships.
• Cambiamenti Sociali: Growth of the working class and initial labor movements.

Impatti Globali

• Colonialismo: European powers exploited resources and markets in colonized territories.
• Corsa agli Armamenti: Technological advancements extended to military applications.
• Globalizzazione Iniziale: Increased trade and interconnectedness between continents.

Differenze con la Prima Rivoluzione Industriale

• Prima Rivoluzione: Primarily used coal and steam power, focused on textile and iron industries, and was largely confined to England.
• Seconda Rivoluzione: Utilized oil and electricity, encompassing diverse industries (chemicals, electronics), and involved numerous countries.

Scopri le innovazioni e i cambiamenti che hanno caratterizzato la Seconda Rivoluzione Industriale. Dalle nuove fonti di energia come l'elettricità e il petrolio agli sviluppi nei settori chimico, meccanico ed elettronico, questo quiz esplora il contesto storico e le trasformazioni industriali di questo periodo cruciale.