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Second Industrial Revolution and New Energy Sources Quiz

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Questions and Answers

Which development was considered the most important in the second industrial revolution?

Electricity - generators and transformers allowed current to be sent anywhere

What was the standard form of industry ownership during the second industrial revolution?

Corporation

What were the attractions that led to rapid urbanization during the second industrial revolution?

Industrial jobs, better education, leisure activities

Which country took the lead in industrialization during the second industrial revolution?

<p>Germany</p> Signup and view all the answers

What caused a split between liberal leaders and workers after 1848?

<p>Socialism after 1848 - Marxism</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the most significant social result of the second industrial revolution?

<p>Organization of labor through unions</p> Signup and view all the answers

What led to a definite rise in standard of living during the second industrial revolution?

<p>Better public health and nutrition</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which country led in exploration of new chemicals during the second industrial revolution?

<p>United States (US)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What became a common application for electricity during the second industrial revolution?

<p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

What caused many bitter disputes between labor and management during the second industrial revolution?

<p>Socialist unions close to taking over labor movement that scared employers</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was a significant change in energy sources during the second industrial revolution?

<p>Introduction of electricity as a major energy source</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the ultimate goal of Marxist theory?

<p>Establishment of a dictatorship of the proletariat and abolition of private property</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which ideology advocated for the rejection of state and its powers, and argued for violence and political terror?

<p>Anarchism</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of reform and revisionism, who predicted a peaceful takeover by Social Democrats and emphasized changes through voting rather than revolution?

<p>Eduard Bernstein</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the main trigger for the largest human migration in world history during the 19th century?

<p>Economic and political reasons</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which destination received the largest percentage of European emigrants during the 19th century?

<p>United States</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characterized the early immigrants who left Europe during the 19th century?

<p>Skilled craftsmen with moderate savings</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the most important development in energy sources during the second industrial revolution?

<p>Electricity</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which country took the lead in industrialization during the second industrial revolution?

<p>Germany</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the standard form of industry ownership during the second industrial revolution?

<p>Corporation</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the main trigger for rapid urbanization during the second industrial revolution?

<p>Industrial jobs</p> Signup and view all the answers

What led to a definite rise in standard of living during the second industrial revolution?

<p>Better public health and nutrition</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was a significant change in energy sources during the second industrial revolution?

<p>Introduction of petroleum-based products</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the main appeal of Anarchism to a factory worker in the 1860s?

<p>Rejection of state and its powers, advocating for the elimination of government corruption and untrustworthiness.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which country outlawed the Marxist socialist party in the 1880s?

<p>Germany</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the ultimate goal of Marxist theory?

<p>Public control of means of production and complete equality between men and women.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was Eduard Bernstein's contribution to Social Democracy?

<p>Prediction of peaceful takeover by Social Democrats.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the main trigger for the largest human migration in world history during the 19th century?

<p>Industrial jobs and better material prospects</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characterized the early immigrants who left Europe during the 19th century?

<p>Seeking industrial jobs and better material prospects</p> Signup and view all the answers

What caused many bitter disputes between labor and management during the second industrial revolution?

<p>Separation of ownership and management due to corporations</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which country took the lead in industrialization during the second industrial revolution?

<p>Germany</p> Signup and view all the answers

What became a common application for electricity during the second industrial revolution?

<p>Street lights, trams, home and factory lighting</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the standard form of industry ownership during the second industrial revolution?

<p>Joint stock companies with publicly traded shares</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was a significant change in energy sources during the second industrial revolution?

<p>Invention of internal combustion engine for practical transportation</p> Signup and view all the answers

What were the attractions that led to rapid urbanization during the second industrial revolution?

<p>Industrial jobs, better education, leisure activities, better material prospects</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which development was considered the most important in the second industrial revolution?

<p>Electricity - Generators, transformers meant current could be sent anywhere</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which ideology rejected the state and its powers, and argued for violence and political terror, but was never successful?

<p>Anarchism</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who predicted a peaceful takeover by Social Democrats and emphasized changes through voting rather than revolution?

<p>Eduard Bernstein</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which country outlawed the Marxist socialist party in the 1880s, leading to the prediction of state provision for workers' welfare?

<p>Germany</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who founded the Communist Manifesto in 1848?

<p>Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who thought that all government is prone to corruption and cannot be trusted?

<p>Pierre Proudhon</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the ultimate goal of Marxist theory?

<p>Public control of means of production and complete equality between men and women</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characterized the early immigrants who left Europe during the 19th century?

<p>People with some savings, small farmers, skilled craftsmen, and educated individuals</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which ideology was based on the idea that only workers and peasants should govern because they produced all the goods?

<p>Syndicalism</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where did most European emigrants during the 19th century go?

<p>North America, Australia, South Africa</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the main appeal of Anarchism to a factory worker in the 1860s?

<p>Rejection of state and its powers, advocating for violence and political terror</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which ideology was based on the idea that only workers and peasants should govern because they produced all the goods?

<p>Syndicalism</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who predicted a peaceful takeover by Social Democrats and emphasized changes through voting rather than revolution?

<p>Eduard Bernstein</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the ultimate goal of Marxist theory?

<p>Violent revolution of the proletariat to establish communism</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characterized the early immigrants who left Europe during the 19th century?

<p>The first wave comprised people with some savings who received help from relatives, while later waves included poor and uneducated individuals.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was a significant change in energy sources during the second industrial revolution?

<p>The development and utilization of electricity as a major energy source.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which country outlawed the Marxist socialist party in the 1880s?

<p>Germany</p> Signup and view all the answers

What became a common application for electricity during the second industrial revolution?

<p>Industrial machinery and manufacturing processes</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the main appeal of Anarchism to a factory worker in the 1860s?

<p>The belief in violent revolution and political terror</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the standard form of industry ownership during the second industrial revolution?

<p>Private partnership or ownership</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who founded the Communist Manifesto in 1848?

<p>Karl Marx</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the ultimate goal of Marxist theory?

<p>Abolition of private property and establishment of a classless society</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which country took the lead in industrialization during the second industrial revolution?

<p>Germany</p> Signup and view all the answers

What became a common application for electricity during the second industrial revolution?

<p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characterized the early immigrants who left Europe during the 19th century?

<p>Impoverished individuals seeking better prospects abroad</p> Signup and view all the answers

What caused many bitter disputes between labor and management during the second industrial revolution?

<p>The emergence of labor unions fighting for improvements</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was a significant change in energy sources during the second industrial revolution?

<p>Electricity</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Second Industrial Revolution

  • The development of electricity was considered the most important in the second industrial revolution.
  • The standard form of industry ownership during this period was the joint-stock company.
  • Rapid urbanization occurred due to the attractions of higher wages, better living conditions, and social amenities.

Industrialization

  • Britain took the lead in industrialization during the second industrial revolution.
  • Germany led in the exploration of new chemicals during this period.

Social and Economic Changes

  • The most significant social result of the second industrial revolution was the growth of a large industrial working class.
  • A definite rise in standard of living was led by improvements in technology, transportation, and communication.
  • Many bitter disputes between labor and management occurred due to issues of wages, working conditions, and unionization.

Energy Sources

  • A significant change in energy sources during the second industrial revolution was the shift from coal to electricity.

Political Ideologies

  • The ultimate goal of Marxist theory was the creation of a classless, socialist society.
  • Anarchism advocated for the rejection of the state and its powers, and argued for violence and political terror.
  • Eduard Bernstein's contribution to Social Democracy was the prediction of a peaceful takeover by Social Democrats through voting rather than revolution.

Migration and Immigration

  • The main trigger for the largest human migration in world history during the 19th century was poverty and lack of opportunities in Europe.
  • The largest percentage of European emigrants during the 19th century went to the United States.
  • Early immigrants who left Europe during the 19th century were characterized by their poverty, lack of skills, and rural background.

Key Figures

  • Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels founded the Communist Manifesto in 1848.
  • Mikhail Bakunin was a key figure in Anarchism, who thought that all government is prone to corruption and cannot be trusted.

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