Sea Anemones Biology

Characteristics

• Sea anemones are marine animals that belong to the phylum Cnidaria
• They are characterized by their soft, cylindrical bodies and tentacles
• Typically range in size from 1-50 cm (0.4-20 inches)

Body Structure

• The body consists of a columnar base, a central pharynx, and a oral disc with tentacles
• The columnar base is attached to a substrate, such as a rock or reef
• The oral disc is surrounded by tentacles, which are used for capturing prey and defense

Tentacles

• Tentacles are long, thin structures that are covered with stinging cells called nematocysts
• Nematocysts contain a venomous substance that helps to immobilize prey
• Tentacles are highly flexible and can be retracted into the body for protection

Diet

• Sea anemones are carnivorous and feed on small fish, crustaceans, and other invertebrates
• They use their tentacles to capture prey and then bring it to the mouth for digestion

Symbiotic Relationships

• Sea anemones have a symbiotic relationship with certain species of fish, such as clownfish
• The fish receives protection from predators, and the anemone receives cleaning and nutrient-rich waste

Reproduction

• Sea anemones can reproduce by budding, fragmentation, or sexual reproduction
• They can also regenerate lost body parts, including entire individuals from a small piece of tissue

Habitat

• Sea anemones are found in shallow, tropical waters, typically in areas with high water flow
• They are often found in coral reefs, rocky crevices, and on sea grass beds