SDEF 1812: Arnis & Disarming Techniques

• Arnis and Disarming Techniques are covered in SDEF 1812.
• The course is intended for STI WNU BS Criminology students only.

Course Overview

• This course explores the history, proper usage of the stick/baston.
• It also introduces the courtesy and fundamentals of Arnis and disarming techniques.
• Focus is given to the application of basic movements, striking, kicking, punching, and targeting vital points.

Course Requirements

• Course handouts are required.
• Submission of requirements and assessments is needed.
• Attendance during class, institutional, and college activities is expected.
• A student portfolio must be maintained.

Grading System

• Attendance, quizzes, and participation account for 20% of the grade.
• Periodic Examinations account for 80% of the grade.
• The total grading is based on 100%

Percentage Distribution

• Prelims are 20%.
• Midterms are 20%.
• Semi-Finals are 20%.
• Finals are 40%.
• The total percentage is 100%

STI WNU Vision

• STI WNU aims to be a leading university in Negros Island by 2025.
• The goal will be reached through academic excellence and innovation.

STI WNU Mission

• STI WNU is committed to producing excellent graduates meeting industry standards.
• The goal is to contribute to a better Filipino nation.

CCJE Vision

• The College of Criminal Justice Education (CCJE) aims to provide excellent innovations in criminology and criminal justice education.
• Goal is to produce highly competent professionals responsive to global needs.

CCJE Mission

• The CCJE aims to provide effective, efficient, and innovative training for future criminal justice and public safety practitioners.
• Goal is to meet community needs for public safety, peace, and order.

STI WNU Institutional Outcomes

• An STler is expected to be a person of character, responding virtuously regardless of circumstances.
• An STler should be a critical thinker who discerns through open-minded analysis.
• One challenge one's beliefs to improve creative ideas.
• An STler aims to communicate effectively.
• They focus on understanding and being understood, recognizing emotions behind information.
• An STler should be change-adept, managing transformation or transition to uplift capabilities.
• They can build community capacity.
• An STler is Christ-centered, practicing beliefs consistent with Christian faith and values.

Introduction to Arnis

• Arnis is a Filipino martial art performed individually or with a partner, using sticks for striking and blocking, also for self-defense.
• Arnis was declared the National Martial Art of the Philippines in 2009 through Republic Act No. 9850.
• The Department of Education was mandated to include it as a Physical Education course.
• Arnis is also known as Kali or Eskrima.
• These focus on weapon-based fighting with knives, sticks, and improvised weapons.
• The Arnis stick ("baton") is 26-30 inches long.
• Arnis serves as a combat sport for self-defense.

History of Arnis

• Arnis has contributed to Philippine history and diversity, practiced initially by commoners.
• The origin of Arnis traces back to native fighting techniques among Pre-Hispanic Filipino tribes.
• Spanish fencing from the 15th Century influenced Arnis, with impacts from Chinese, Arab, and Indian martial arts.
• It's believed Arnis has roots from India.
• People traveling through Indonesia and Malaysia brought the art to the Philippines.
• Silambam, a stick-based ancient martial art of Tamil Nadu, India, influenced martial arts like Silat, with Arnis also sharing ancestry.
• Arnis spread to other countries and continents, playing a role in the Philippine revolution against the Spaniards.
• Filipinos provided the art with a systematic structure.
• It was brought to Hawaii and California in the 1920s.
• After 1960s Master Angel Cabales and others began teaching it publicly.
• In January 2010, Arnis was officially recognized as the National Martial Art and Sport of the Philippines.
• Depending on weapons and sticks; Arnis is differentiated into two styles such as:
  • Classic Arnis: This use blades and weapons.
  • Modern Arnis: This use art of sticks.

Before Spanish Colonization

• Arnis was called Kali, focused on bladed weapons fighting.
• Ferdinand Magellan was defeated by Lapu-Lapu, who used Kali.

40 Years Later

• Miguel De Legaspi befriended warrior chief Malitik and witnessed native fighting skills.

1873

• Kali was renamed "Arnis," from "Arnes," meaning colorful trapping on defensive armors used in Moro-Moro plays.

Modern Arnis Founder: Remegio Amador Presas

• August 28, 2001, Died in Victoria, Canada.
• He was a Teacher and Martial Artist.
• Founder of Modern Arnis and brother of Ernesto Presas.
• His goal was to create injury-free training and an effective self-defense tool.

Origin of the Name of Arnis

• "Arnis" comes from "arnés," an old Spanish term for "armor."
• "Eskrima" is a Filipinization of the Spanish word "esgrima" for fencing.
• "Kali" comes from "Kalis," a pre-Hispanic Filipano term meaning "Blades and Fencing."
• Practitioners are called "arnisador" (male) and "arnisadora" (female) in Arnis.
• Practitioners are called "eskrimador" or "eskrimadora” in Eskrima and Kali.
• Arnis, Eskrima, and Kali are part of the same family of Filipino weapon-based martial arts and fighting systems.

Principles and Cardinal Rules of Arnis

• There are Two (2) basic concepts: Physical and Psychological.

Physical Principle

• Have speed in mind when delivering strokes.
• Have speed with the hand.
• Have speed with the feet.
• Have quickness of the eyes when recognizing the opponent's weak places.
• Player's agility improves because of this speed
• The student must learn to look for lengthy periods of time without winking.
• A player should not allow distance between him and his opponent.

Psychological Principle

• Concentrate on his opponent and have complete control of the situation.
• Learner must be collected and calm
• The student must also continually aware of his opponent's abilities.
• Above all, the student must be willing to battle and win.

Cardinal Rules of Arnis

• Respect for one's opponent as a person, a fighter, and a sportsman.
• Never underestimate an opponent's fighting abilities
• Sportsmanship, on the other hand, is the yardstick by which a fighter or player is judged.
• Character (C): everything must be taught to a student's moral (and religious) standards
• Sincerity (S): Arnis is a good medium for developing a person's feeling of devotion
• Discipline (D): Arnis is a disciplinarian who molds people.
• Self-Control (SC): Self-control is crucial to Arnis because without it, life and the health of others might be jeopardized.
• Etiquette (E): In arnis, etiquette is linked to the cardinal rules.
• Loyalty (L): Any disloyalty to a fellow player is treason to the art itself, thus a learner should be loyal to him

Methods in Playing Arnis

• Espada y Daga
• Solo Baston
• Siawali

Fundamental Skills in Arnis

• Grip: Hold the stick one fist away from the punyo (butt) of the stick and close the grip with the thumb.

Arnis Pugay/ Salutation in Arnis

• Without Stick: Handa/Ready position, close your fist and place your two hands in the front, place your right fist in your left chest
• Single Stick/ Solo Baston Salutation: Handa/Ready position, open leg stance, hands 1-2 inches apart holding cane, place your right fist in your left chest
• Double Sticks / Doublebaston Salutation: Handa/ready position, open leg stance, hands 1-2 inches apart holding cane, place your right hand stick in your left chest, raised your left hand stick sideward, parallel to your right hand

Courtesy

• Before starting in the class, drill, or fight. The player must execute courtesy to show respect to the teacher, coach and opponent
• Canes down, stand shoulder width stance, on command HANDA (ready) PUGAY (bow) bring left foot to the right, place right fist over heart and bow head; after the bow automatically assume initial position by bringing left foot into the shoulder width stance.

Seven Basic Stances in Arnis

• Close Leg Stance/ Attention Stance: Stand with feet forming 45-degree angle.
• Open Leg Stance/ Ready Stance: Stand in open leg shoulder width apart forming a 45 degrees angle.
• Straddle Stance/ Center Stance: In an open leg stance, move both legs sideways until the thighs are perpendicular to the floor.
• Forward Stance (Right & Left): Starting with the ready stance, move one foot forward until the knee and the toe are in line to each other.
• Backward Stance (Right & Left): Starting with the ready stance, move one foot backward should form an imaginary “L” shape while the legs are in a straddle position.
• Cat Stance (Right & Left): In a forward stance, transfer the weight of the body at the rear leg, making the leg in front bended.
• Oblique Stance (Right & Left): This is executed by stepping either foot obliquely forward and obliquely to the left or to the right.

Arnis Countings

• One - Isa
• Two- Dalawa
• Three - Tatlo
• Four - Apat
• Five - Lima
• Six - Anim
• Seven - Pito
• Eight - Walo
• Nine - Siyam
• Ten - Sampu

Basic Foot Works

• Step Forward
• Step Backward
• Sidestep Left
• Sidestep Right
• Double Step Forward
• Double Step Backward
• Cross Step Forward
• Cross Step Backward

Six (6) Blocking Techniques with Stick

• To block is to stop, obstruct, hinder, or halt an oncoming blow.
• Blocking is a form against – force
• Left Temple Block, Left Shoulder Block, Left Chest Thrust Block, Left Eye Thrust Block
• Right Temple Block, Right Shoulder Block, Right Chest Thrust Block, Right Eye Thrust Block
• Stomach Thrust Block
• Right Knee Block
• Left Knee Block
• Rising/ Umbrella Block

Three (3) Basic Strike/Target

• Stationary
• Forward Stance
• With Footworks Twelve

(12) Target Points

• Left Temple
• Right Temple
• Left Shoulder
• Right Shoulder
• Stomach Thrust
• Left Chest Thrust
• Right Chest Thrust
• Right Knee
• Left Knee
• Left Eye Thrust
• Right Eye Thrust
• Head/Crown

Seven (7) Combination Strikes

• Otso Pata-as
• Otso Pababa
• Band Y Banda
• Circlo Interior – (Pata-as/Pababa)
• Circlo Exterior – (Pata-as/Pababa)
• Pitik Lagtik
• Corto

Prefinal Coverage: Disarming

• Basics of Disarming & Preparation: As compared to unarmed opponent using closed fist, armed opponent uses open fist.
• What is Self-Defense: Is an action of protection.

Five (5) Principle of Self-Defense

• Element of Surprise
• Get away from the line of target
• Do not shuffle your hands
• Target the vital points of the opponent
• Finish or Disarmed

Vital Points of the Body

• Eyes, side of neck, rid of nose, floating ribs, philtrum, spine, throat, back of the hhead, solar plexus, side of the knee, groin, front of the knee, knee

Expected Common Attempts & Attacks

• Casanova: Malicious hand shake, put he’s hand around your shoulder, wrist hold
• Threat: Choking, lapel grab, knife or pistol threat
• Assault: Slapping, punching/kicking, with knee or bolo

Basic and Fundamentals

• Stances: Close leg, open leg, center stance, forward stance, back stance
• Blocks: Low block, middle block, high block
• Punching: Low, middle, high
• Kicks: Frontal Kick, Round House Kick, Side Kick
• Foot Works: Forward, Backward, Sidestep Left & Right

Striking Techniques

• Back fist (front, vertical, horizontal)
• Bottom fist (front, horizontal)
• Palm heel (low, middle, high)
• Elbow (front, upward, sideward, backward, downward)
• Knife strike (eyes, neck, solar plexus)
• Knife hand strike

Preventive and Precautionary Measures

• Personal Preparations:
  • Apperance- Attire should much with the surroundings and the kind of people you engage with. Be carefull with the jewelries you wear. Your facial expressions must not show what you feel
  • Mental Attitude- Clear your mind of problem and take your work or one at a time
• Awareness: You should be known the place on where you are especially in public place
• Verbal Defense: Avoid profane and aggressive words
• Never talk to strangers and walk presence of mind: Don't bow your head, Don't look to the ground when you walk.
• Avoid Dark and Loney Place: When you walk in the dark areas walk in the middle.
• Keep your valuables away from strangers:
• Avoid sitting or stand by on areas where you an trapped and cannot escape in case of emergencies
• Always walk with arms free: Not inside your pocket
• Awareness in Public place: Be aware that anything can happen in public places but do not be paranoid crowded places must be avoided
• Trust nobody including your self
• Avoid Keep away from possible suspect of trouble.
• Retreat: Running is a best self defense and where you can identify the number of opponents
• Plead Humility in accepting errors
• Indirect Intimidation: Feeding the egos of opponents

Arresting Techniques

• Wrist Lock
• Vertical Wrist Lock
• Reverse Wrist Lock

Knife Disarming

• Belly Thrust – Standard block / Double Arm Block
• Swinging Thrust – Standard Block / Vertical Wrist Lock and Elbow Lock
• Straigh Thrust – Standard Block / Ground Pinning Elbow Lock
• Drop Thrust – X-Block Wrist Twist Throw or Lock

Pistol Threat

• Front (body) – Parry and wrist twist
• Head (front) – Drop and hold, wrist lock and kick the groin
• Back (body) – Turn pivot, kick to groin, upper cut and knee lift
• Head (back) – Turn pivot, double arm wrist lock

Arnis Equipment

• Arnis Full Gear
• Padded Cane