Podcast Beta
Questions and Answers
What is the primary difference between functional and non-structural scoliosis?
What is the minimum degree of curvature that may require surgical intervention?
What is the characteristic of wedge-shaped vertebrae in scoliosis?
What is the name of the type of scoliosis that has a genetic or unknown cause?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the primary characteristic of structural scoliosis?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the purpose of the forward bending test in diagnosing scoliosis?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the most common type of idiopathic scoliosis?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the characteristic of Congenital Scoliosis?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the most common feature of Juvenile idiopathic scoliosis?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the underlying cause of Neuromuscular Scoliosis?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the characteristic of Degenerative Scoliosis?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the underlying cause of Syndromic Scoliosis?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the primary indication for bracing in scoliosis treatment?
Signup and view all the answers
Which type of scoliosis responds better to treatment?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the purpose of Adam's Test in scoliosis treatment?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the contraindication for HVLA in scoliosis treatment?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the characteristic of the Copes Brace in scoliosis treatment?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the main difference between the Milwaukee brace and the Boston Brace?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the term for a lateral curvature of the spine to the right?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the most common type of scoliosis?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the characteristic of a hemivertebra in congenital scoliosis?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the primary cause of degenerative scoliosis?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the age range for early onset scoliosis?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the primary symptom of Sheuermann's kyphosis?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the goal of rehabilitation in the treatment of scoliosis?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the term for a lateral curvature of the spine to the left?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the risk factor for curve progression in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the typical age range for the diagnosis of congenital scoliosis?
Signup and view all the answers
Study Notes
Types of Scoliosis
- Scoliosis is a lateral curvature of the spine, which can be classified into two main categories: functional (non-structural) and structural
- Functional scoliosis is a lateral curvature with rotation of the vertebrae, which can be corrected with spinal mobilization, stretching, and strengthening
- Structural scoliosis is a curvature caused by spinal abnormalities, such as wedge-shaped vertebrae, which may be congenital or acquired
Categories of Scoliosis
- Idiopathic scoliosis: genetic or unknown cause, accounting for 90% of cases
- Congenital scoliosis: caused by spinal, rib, or scapular deformity or fusion
- Neuromuscular scoliosis: caused by poor muscle control or paralysis, often associated with diseases affecting the brain, spinal cord, and muscular system
- Degenerative scoliosis: caused by facet or intervertebral disc degeneration, leading to spinal asymmetry
Signs and Symptoms
- Uneven shoulders or waistline
- Head tilt or rotation
- Rib humping on one side
- Appearance of leaning to one side
- Back pain or muscle spasm
- More severe cases may experience loss of balance, history of falls, or low self-esteem
Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis
- Most common type of scoliosis, affecting up to 4% of adolescents
- Onset in adolescence, often during growth spurts
- Curve increases during growth spurts
- Most common is a right thoracic dextroscoliosis
Congenital Scoliosis
- Caused by spinal defect present at birth, affecting the structure of the vertebrae
- Vertebrae may be wedge-shaped or hemivertebrae
- Usually detected at an earlier age than adolescent idiopathic scoliosis
Neuromuscular Scoliosis
- Less severe curves typically not painful
- May notice a change in posture as the first sign
- Inability to walk in more severe cases
- Occurs secondary to neuromuscular disease, such as cerebral palsy, Duchenne and spinal muscular dystrophy, myelodysplasia, and spina bifida
Degenerative Scoliosis
- May be called adult-onset or de novo scoliosis
- Patient's asymmetric vertebral degeneration
- IVD degeneration causes structural changes
- Most common in the lumbar spine
Treatment of Scoliosis
- Rehabilitation is extremely important, including:
- Stretching exercises to improve concavity
- Balance ball exercises to improve balance and proprioception
- Chest expansion exercises
- Postural retraining, including side shift exercises
- Massage therapy and hydrotherapy may also be indicated
- Bracing may be indicated in severe cases or if the risk of progression is high
- Osseous mobilization and manipulation may be effective in reducing pain and spasm
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
Related Documents
Description
Learn about the types of scoliosis, including lateral curvature of the spine, thoracic kyphosis, and the two main categories of scoliosis. Understand the difference between functional and structural scoliosis.
