Scientific Writing Quiz
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Questions and Answers

A scientific report typically consists of three main divisions: preliminary material, body, and supplementary material.

True

The purpose of analyzing the task in writing a scientific report is to determine the word limit.

False

The audience for a scientific report is typically the lecturer or tutor.

False

The word limit for a scientific report usually includes the body of the report.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

The topic of a scientific report is always specified by the writer.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

Developing a rough plan for a scientific report involves using section headings and clarifying the overall purpose of the report.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

Steps 1 and 2 in writing a scientific report involve conducting research on the topic.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

Reporting on other research or conducting personal research may be necessary for a scientific report.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

True or false: The research phase of producing a report usually takes the least amount of time.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

True or false: The literature review of a scientific report is usually longer than the literature review of a thesis.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

True or false: The methodology section of a scientific report is usually written in an active voice.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

True or false: The discussion section of a scientific report discusses the relevance of the results and how they fit with other research.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

True or false: The conclusion section of a scientific report can include new material.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

True or false: The recommendations section of a scientific report should be listed in alphabetical order.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

True or false: The appendix section of a scientific report must be referred to in the body of the report.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

True or false: A research proposal is a formal plan that outlines objectives for a research project.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

A research proposal typically consists of 8-12 pages.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

The introduction section of a research proposal provides background information on the research problem.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

The review of literature section in a research proposal only involves listing and cataloging related studies.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

The methodology section of a research proposal is considered the most important.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

A Gantt chart is commonly included in a research proposal.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

The references section in a research proposal includes all sources used in the report.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

The APA style is recommended for in-text and reference citations in a research proposal.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

A well-written research proposal can help define and formulate the research question.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

The research proposal aims to avoid wasting time in the literature search and data collection stages of the project.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following sections of a research proposal with their descriptions:

<p>Title = Should be concise, descriptive, and specific Introduction = Provides the necessary background for the research problem Review of literature = Describes and analyzes the published studies directly related to the topic Methodology = Includes a description of the research sample, data collection method, and data analysis procedures</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following research proposal components with their functions:

<p>Gantt chart = Visual representation of the project timeline Abstract &amp; keywords = Provides a summary of the proposal List of contents = Outlines the structure of the proposal References = Lists all the sources used in writing the report</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following sections of a research proposal with their recommended writing styles:

<p>Introduction = Begin with a general statement of the problem area Review of literature = Should be integrated with the material in this section Methodology = The most important section of the research proposal References = Follow the correct procedure for all in-text and reference citations</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following research proposal elements with their definitions:

<p>Research sample = The group of subjects or data used in the study Measurement instruments = Tools or methods used to collect data Data analysis procedures = Methods used to interpret and analyze data Rationale or justification = Explanation for the proposed study</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following sections of a research proposal with their recommended lengths:

<p>Title page = Usually one page Introduction = Varies, but typically one to three pages Review of literature = Varies, but typically three to ten pages Methodology = Varies, but typically two to five pages</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Writing a Scientific Report

  • A scientific report is typically made up of three main divisions: preliminary material, body, and supplementary material.
  • Each section contains a different kind of content, and it is essential to carefully read the course information details to ensure compliance with the lecturer's/tutor's stipulations.

Steps for Writing a Scientific Report

  • STEP 1: Analyze the Task
    • Analyze the assignment task by reading the course information book carefully.
    • Ask questions such as: What is the purpose of the report? Who is the audience? What is the word limit? What is the topic of the report?
  • STEP 2: Develop a Rough Plan
    • Use the section headings to assist with the rough plan.
    • Write a statement that clarifies the overall purpose of the report.
    • Write down anything already known about the topic in the relevant sections.
  • STEP 3: Do the Research
    • Use steps 1 and 2 to guide the research.
    • Report on other research or conduct own research.
    • Keep track of bibliographic details for all material used.

Structure of the Report

  • Introduction
    • State the purpose of the report.
    • Provide background information and a brief review of the literature.
    • Outline the structure of the report.
  • Literature Review
    • Discuss research from earliest to latest.
    • State how the research fits into the field.
    • May be merged with the introduction or separated from it.
  • Methodology
    • Clearly outline the methodology used.
    • Write in a passive voice.
    • Clearly reference any material used from other sources.
    • Label and number diagrams, charts, and graphs.
  • Results
    • Indicate the findings of the research.
    • Do not interpret the results.
  • Discussion
    • Discuss the relevance of the results and how they fit with other research.
    • Relate back to the literature review and introductory statement.
  • Conclusion
    • Summarize the most significant results/findings.
    • Do not include new material.
    • Indicate areas where further research is needed.
  • Recommendations
    • Provide suggestions for what needs to be done as a result of the findings.
    • List recommendations in order of priority.

Supplementary Material

  • References or Bibliography
    • Include all references used in the report or referred to for background information.
    • Use the referencing convention specified by the lecturer/tutor.
  • Appendices
    • Add extra information to the report.
    • Must be referred to in the body of the report and have a clear purpose.

Preliminary Material

  • Title of Report
    • Make sure the title is clear and indicates what is being researched.
  • Table of Contents
    • List all sections, subheadings, tables, graphs, and appendices.
    • Provide page numbers for each.
  • Abstract/Synopsis
    • Provide a brief overview of the report in a condensed form.

Writing a Research Proposal

  • Main Characteristics of a Research Proposal
    • A formal plan that outlines the objectives for a research project.
    • Common in every academic field.
    • Often leads to grants that allow for conducting research.
  • Why Do I Need a Research Proposal?
    • Helps define and formulate the research question.
    • Narrows down the study to a manageable form.
    • Structures the development of the writing.
    • Avoids wasting time in the literature search and data collection stages.

Structure of a Research Proposal

  • Title Page
    • Include the title of the proposal.
  • Introduction
    • Provide the necessary background for the research problem.
    • Begin with a general statement of the problem area.
    • Focus on a specific research problem.
    • Be followed by the rationale or justification for the proposed study.
  • Review of Literature
    • Describe and analyze the published studies related to the topic.
    • Integrate the literature into the material.
    • Conclude with a brief summary of the literature and its implications.
  • Methodology
    • Describe the research sample, data collection method, measurement instruments, and data analysis procedures.
  • Gantt Chart
    • Include a timeline for the project.
  • References
    • List all sources used in writing the report.
    • Use the APA style for referencing.
  • Tabulated Budget
    • Include a detailed budget for the project.

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Description

Test your knowledge on scientific writing with this quiz! Learn about the structure of a scientific report, how to write a research proposal, and more. Perfect for Bio 881 students at PNU taking the 5th and 6th lectures.

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