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Questions and Answers

What is the purpose of scientific writing?

  • To disseminate knowledge and create knowledge (correct)
  • To hide doubts and avoid negative results
  • To write only for oneself
  • To summarize events and describe new results

    • What is the abstract of an article?

  • A section that contains references to items in the paper
  • A detailed description of the technical part of the article
  • A short summary of the article that must summarize all the body of the paper (correct)
  • A section that is often put at the beginning of the article

    • What is the importance of distinguishing between the abstract and the conclusion?

  • To summarize events in the abstract and describe new results in the conclusion
  • To confuse the readers and hide the main findings
  • To ensure that the abstract summarizes the entire paper while the conclusion provides final remarks (correct)
  • To make the paper longer and more comprehensive

    • Which type of variable has values within a given range or an infinite set?

    <p>Continuous variable</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the foundation of a study and supports planning and execution?

    <p>Research design</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process for data reduction in research?

    <p>Establishing controls</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the criteria for readable articles?

    <p>Comprehensibility, flow of reading, and information retrieval</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the advantages of using Open Educational Resources (OERs)?

    <p>Expanded access, scalability, and enhanced class materials</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of truncation in database searching?

    <p>To include word variations using '*' and '$'</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the essential sections of a research proposal?

    <p>Background, literature review, proposed method</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which section of the scientific report provides background information and states the study hypothesis?

    <p>Introduction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of oral research presentations?

    <p>Communicate importance, show findings, induce questions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which section of a scientific paper should avoid using trade names of chemicals?

    <p>Materials</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what tense should the method section of a scientific paper be written?

    <p>Past tense</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should the abstract of a scientific paper not exceed in terms of word count?

    <p>250 words</p> Signup and view all the answers

    True or false: Negative results should not be considered as valid results in scientific writing?

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    True or false: The abstract of an article should contain references to items in the paper?

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    True or false: The conclusions section is often placed at the beginning of an article?

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Systematic randomization is calculated by dividing the population by the number of samples to determine the interval between samples.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Descriptive, bivariate, and multivariate are the three types of data analysis.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Continuous variables can only take on two values, such as pass or fail.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Writing a scientific report involves drafting the body before developing a rough plan.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A research proposal should include sections like approval form, Gantt chart, and tabulated budget.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Oral research presentations are mainly important for academic presentations, not for interviews.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Open educational resources encompass only printed materials for teaching, learning, and research.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Plagiarism includes only copying without source mention.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Truncation allows for including word variations using '*' and '$' symbols.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    True or false: The abstract of a scientific paper should be written in the present tense and can cite references.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    True or false: The introduction of a scientific paper should avoid defining specialized terms or abbreviations.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    True or false: Research posters are not designed to generate discussion.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the type of study with its description:

    <p>Exploratory research design = A preliminary study to gain insights and understanding of a phenomenon Descriptive research design = A study to describe and depict the characteristics of a population or phenomenon Causal research design = A study to investigate cause-and-effect relationships Conclusive research design = A study to provide final answers and conclusions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the variable type with its definition:

    <p>Dichotomous variable = A variable with two values, such as pass or fail Discrete variable = A categorical variable, such as race, with absolute values Continuous variable = A variable with values within a given range or an infinite set Ordinal variable = A variable with values that have a meaningful order or ranking</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the step in developing a sampling plan with its description:

    <p>Define population = Identifying and specifying the entire group of interest Choose data collection method = Selecting the approach to gather information from the population Sample frame = Creating a list of all the elements in the population from which the sample will be drawn Sample size determination = Deciding on the number of elements to be included in the sample</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the characteristic of research data with its description:

    <p>Validity = Ensuring that the data measures what it is supposed to measure Reliability = Consistency of the data when repeated measurements are taken Affordability = Obtaining data quickly at a reasonable cost Data reduction = The process of condensing and summarizing the collected data</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the type of data analysis with its description:

    <p>Descriptive analysis = Summarizing and organizing the characteristics of the data Bivariate analysis = Examining the relationship between two variables Multivariate analysis = Analyzing the relationship between multiple variables simultaneously Univariate analysis = Analyzing a single variable at a time</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of research design?

    <p>To estimate error and maintain control</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of variable has values within a given range or an infinite set?

    <p>Continuous variable</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the key characteristic of research data?

    <p>Data must be valid and reliable</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process for developing a sampling plan?

    <p>Defining population and executing sampling plan</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Systematic randomization is calculated by multiplying the population by the number of samples to determine the interval between samples.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The abstract of a scientific paper should not contain references to items in the paper.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Descriptive, bivariate, and multivariate are the three types of data analysis.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Continuous variable can only take on two values, such as pass or fail.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Research design serves as the foundation of a study and supports planning and execution.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Characteristics and Essentials of Scientific Papers

    • Scientific papers must assess observations, repeat experiments, evaluate intellectual processes, have impact, and be available to the scientific community and screened by secondary services.
    • Poor experimentation cannot be masked by brilliant writing, but poor writing can mask brilliant experimentation.
    • The essential parts of a scientific paper include the title, abstract, introduction, materials, methods, results, discussion, conclusions, acknowledgement, and references.
    • The indexing and abstracting of a paper depend on the accuracy of the title, which should be carefully considered and not contain abbreviations, chemical formulas, or terminologies.
    • The abstract should summarize the major elements of the paper and follow the IMRAD structure, not exceeding 250 words and written in the past tense without citing any references.
    • The introduction should review relevant literature, state the method of investigation, present the principal results and conclusions, use the active voice, and define specialized terms or abbreviations.
    • The method should be written in the past tense, and materials should avoid using trade names of chemicals.
    • The results section is the core of the paper, written in the past tense, and should be clearly and simply stated, with appropriate use of tables and figures.
    • The discussion section should end with a short summary or conclusion regarding the significance of the work.
    • Academic articles are written by experts, reviewed by other experts, and shared to support opinions and share information.
    • Research posters summarize information or research concisely and attractively to generate discussion, with various layout types.
    • Ethics in scientific and medical research involve ethical committees, determining the framework, and preventing unethical research practices, with penalties for violations and practices to achieve scientific integrity and justice.

    Characteristics and Essentials of Scientific Papers

    • Scientific papers must assess observations, repeat experiments, evaluate intellectual processes, have impact, and be available to the scientific community and screened by secondary services.
    • Poor experimentation cannot be masked by brilliant writing, but poor writing can mask brilliant experimentation.
    • The essential parts of a scientific paper include the title, abstract, introduction, materials, methods, results, discussion, conclusions, acknowledgement, and references.
    • The indexing and abstracting of a paper depend on the accuracy of the title, which should be carefully considered and not contain abbreviations, chemical formulas, or terminologies.
    • The abstract should summarize the major elements of the paper and follow the IMRAD structure, not exceeding 250 words and written in the past tense without citing any references.
    • The introduction should review relevant literature, state the method of investigation, present the principal results and conclusions, use the active voice, and define specialized terms or abbreviations.
    • The method should be written in the past tense, and materials should avoid using trade names of chemicals.
    • The results section is the core of the paper, written in the past tense, and should be clearly and simply stated, with appropriate use of tables and figures.
    • The discussion section should end with a short summary or conclusion regarding the significance of the work.
    • Academic articles are written by experts, reviewed by other experts, and shared to support opinions and share information.
    • Research posters summarize information or research concisely and attractively to generate discussion, with various layout types.
    • Ethics in scientific and medical research involve ethical committees, determining the framework, and preventing unethical research practices, with penalties for violations and practices to achieve scientific integrity and justice.

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    Description

    Test your knowledge of scientific paper essentials with this quiz. Explore the key components, structure, and ethical considerations of scientific papers, including the importance of accurate titles, abstracts, and results. Sharpen your understanding of writing and communicating scientific research effectively.

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